Toviaz Drug Information

Adult Overactive Bladder Toviaz is indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) in adults with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency.

Pediatric Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity Toviaz is indicated for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in pediatric patients 6 years of age and older with a body weight greater than 25 kg.

Recommended Dosage for Adult Patients With OAB

The recommended starting dosage of Toviaz in adults is 4 mg orally once daily. Based upon individual response and tolerability, increase to the maximum dosage of Toviaz 8 mg once daily. For administration instructions, see Dosage and Administration.

Recommended Dosage for Pediatric Patients Aged 6 Years and Older With NDO Pediatric Patients Weighing Greater than 25 kg and up to 35 kg The recommended dosage of Toviaz is 4 mg orally once daily. If needed, dosage may be increased to Toviaz 8 mg orally once daily. After one week, increase to Toviaz 8 mg orally once daily.

Recommended Dosage in Adult Patients With Renal Impairment

The recommended dosage of Toviaz in adult patients with renal impairment is described in Table 1. Table 1: Toviaz Recommended Dose in Adult Patients With Renal Impairment (Administered Orally Once Daily)

Toviaz Dosage Modifications Due to Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors Adult Patients with OAB The maximum recommended dosage is Toviaz 4 mg orally once daily in adult patients taking strong CYP3A4 inhibitors. Pediatric Patients with NDO Pediatric Patients Weighing Greater than 25 kg and up to 35 kg The use of Toviaz in pediatric patients weighing greater than 25 kg and up to 35 kg and taking strong CYP3A4 inhibitors is not recommended. Pediatric Patients Weighing Greater than 35 kg The maximum recommended dosage is Toviaz 4 mg orally once daily in pediatric patients weighing greater than 35 kg and taking strong CYP3A4 inhibitors.

Administration Instructions Swallow

Toviaz whole with liquid. Do not chew, divide, or crush. Take with or without food.

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Approximately 80% of these patients had greater than 10-weeks of exposure to Toviaz in these trials. A total of 1964 patients participated in two 12-week, Phase 3 efficacy and safety studies and subsequent open-label extension studies.

All serious adverse events were judged to be not related or unlikely to be related to study medication by the investigator, except for four patients receiving Toviaz who reported one serious adverse reaction each: angina, chest pain, gastroenteritis, and QT prolongation on ECG. The most commonly reported adverse event in patients treated with Toviaz was dry mouth. For those patients who reported dry mouth, most had their first occurrence of the event within the first month of treatment.

The second most commonly reported adverse event was constipation. Table 4 lists adverse events, regardless of causality, that were reported in the combined Phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trials at an incidence greater than placebo and in 1% or more of patients treated with Toviaz 4 mg or 8 mg once daily for up to 12-weeks. Table 4: Adverse Events With an Incidence Exceeding the Placebo Rate and Reported by ≥1% of Patients From Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trials of 12-Weeks Treatment Duration Patients also received Toviaz for up to three years in open-label extension phases of one Phase 2 and two Phase 3 controlled trials.

The adverse events observed during long-term, open-label studies were similar to those observed in the 12-week, placebo-controlled studies, and included dry mouth, constipation, dry eyes, dyspepsia, and abdominal pain. Similar to the controlled studies, most adverse events of dry mouth and constipation were mild to moderate in intensity. Serious adverse events, judged to be at least possibly related to study medication by the investigator and reported more than once during the open-label treatment period of up to 3 years, included urinary retention (3 cases), diverticulitis (3 cases), constipation (2 cases), irritable bowel syndrome (2 cases), and electrocardiogram QT corrected interval prolongation (2 cases).

Pediatric Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity (NDO) The safety of Toviaz was evaluated in a total of 131 pediatric patients with NDO. This study consisted of a 12-week efficacy phase, in which 84 patients received Toviaz, followed by a 12-week safety extension phase, in which 103 patients received Toviaz. Of the 103 patients who received Toviaz in the safety extension phase, 67 continued Toviaz from the efficacy phase and 36 switched from an active comparator in the efficacy phase to Toviaz in the safety extension phase.

The most commonly reported adverse reactions in pediatric patients with NDO who received Toviaz 4 mg or 8 mg in Study 3 (≥2%) were diarrhea, UTI, dry mouth, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, weight increased and headache. Table 5 lists the adverse reactions reported at an incidence greater than or equal to 2% in either treatment group in the Study 3 efficacy phase. The ophthalmological adverse reactions did not result in discontinuation of Toviaz in any patient.

Increases in Heart Rate Increases in heart rate were reported in pediatric patients with NDO who received Toviaz 4 mg and Toviaz 8 mg in Study 3. The mean heart data are described in Table 6. These data are described in Table 7.

Table 7: Proportion of Pediatric Patients With Heart Rate Greater Than the 99 th Percentile for Age and Weighing Greater Than 25 kg in Study 3 Increases from baseline in the proportion of patients with a heart rate greater than the 99 th percentile for age were most pronounced in patients less than 12 years of age who received Toviaz 8 mg. Increases in heart rate in patients who received Toviaz 4 mg and Toviaz 8 mg in Study 3 were not associated with clinical symptoms and did not result in discontinuation of therapy with Toviaz.

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of Toviaz. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Cardiac disorders: Palpitations Central nervous system disorders: Dizziness, headache, somnolence Eye disorders: Blurred vision Gastrointestinal disorders: Hypoaesthesia oral General disorders and administrative site conditions: Hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema with airway obstruction, face edema Psychiatric disorders: Confusional state Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Urticaria, pruritus

Antimuscarinic Drugs Coadministration of Toviaz with other antimuscarinic agents that produce dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, and other anticholinergic pharmacological effects may increase the frequency and/or severity of such effects. Anticholinergic agents may potentially alter the absorption of some concomitantly administered drugs due to anticholinergic effects on gastrointestinal motility.

CYP3A4 Inhibitors Doses of Toviaz greater than 4 mg are not recommended in adult patients taking strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, and clarithromycin. The Toviaz dose in pediatric patients taking strong CYP3A4 inhibitors is recommended to be reduced to 4 mg once daily in patients >35 kg and is not recommended in patients weighing greater than 25 kg and up to 35 kg. In a study in adults, coadministration of the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole with fesoterodine led to approximately a doubling of the maximum concentration (C max ) and area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) of 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine (5-HMT), the active metabolite of fesoterodine.

Compared with CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers not taking ketoconazole, further increases in the exposure to 5-HMT were observed in subjects who were CYP2D6 poor metabolizers taking ketoconazole. There is no clinically relevant effect of moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors on the pharmacokinetics of fesoterodine. Following blockade of CYP3A4 by coadministration of the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor fluconazole 200 mg twice a day for 2 days, the average (90% confidence interval) increase in C max and AUC of the active metabolite of fesoterodine was approximately respectively.

No dosing adjustments are recommended in the presence of moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., erythromycin, fluconazole, diltiazem, verapamil and grapefruit juice). The effect of weak CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g. cimetidine) was not examined; it is not expected to be in excess of the effect of moderate inhibitors.

CYP3A4 Inducers

No dosing adjustments are recommended in the presence of CYP3A4 inducers, such as rifampin and carbamazepine. Following induction of CYP3A4 by coadministration of rifampin 600 mg once a day, C max and AUC of the active metabolite of fesoterodine decreased by approximately 70% and 75%, respectively, after oral administration of Toviaz 8 mg. The terminal half-life of the active metabolite was not changed.

CYP2D6 Inhibitors

The interaction with CYP2D6 inhibitors was not tested clinically. In poor metabolizers for CYP2D6, representing a maximum CYP2D6 inhibition, C max and AUC of the active metabolite are increased 1.7- and 2-fold, respectively.

Drugs Metabolized by Cytochrome P450

In vitro data indicate that at therapeutic concentrations, the active metabolite of fesoterodine does not have the potential to inhibit or induce Cytochrome P450 enzyme systems.

Oral Contraceptives In the presence of fesoterodine, there are no clinically significant changes in the plasma concentrations of combined oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel.

Warfarin

A clinical study has shown that fesoterodine 8 mg once daily has no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics or the anticoagulant activity (PT/INR) of warfarin 25 mg. Standard therapeutic monitoring for warfarin should be continued.

Drug-Laboratory Test Interactions

Interactions between Toviaz and laboratory tests have not been studied.

Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no available data with the use of Toviaz in pregnant women and adolescents to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of fesoterodine to pregnant mice and rabbits during organogenesis resulted in fetotoxicity at maternal exposures that were 6 and 3 times respectively the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 8 mg/day, based on AUC (see Data). The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown.

However, in the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2–4% and 15–20%, respectively. Data Animal Data No dose-related teratogenicity was observed in reproduction studies performed in mice and rabbits. In mice at 6 to 27 times the expected exposure at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 8 mg based on AUC (75 mg/kg/day, oral), increased resorptions and decreased live fetuses were observed.

One fetus with cleft palate was observed at each dose (15, 45, and 75 mg/kg/day), at an incidence within the background historical range. In rabbits treated at 3 to 11 times the MRHD (27 mg/kg/day, oral), incompletely ossified sternebrae (retardation of bone development) and reduced survival were observed in fetuses. In rabbits at 9 to 11 times the MRHD (4.5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneous), maternal toxicity and incompletely ossified sternebrae were observed in fetuses (at an incidence within the background historical range).

In rabbits at 3 times the MRHD (1.5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneous), decreased maternal food consumption in the absence of any fetal effects was observed. Oral administration of 30 mg/kg/day fesoterodine to mice in a pre- and post-natal development study resulted in decreased body weight of the dams and delayed ear opening of the pups. No effects were noted on mating and reproduction of the F 1 dams or on the F 2 offspring.

Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of Toviaz have been established for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in pediatric patients aged 6 years and older and weighing greater than 25 kg. The information on this use is discussed throughout labeling. Use of Toviaz for treatment of NDO is supported by evidence from a randomized, open-label trial with an initial 12-week efficacy phase followed by a 12-week safety extension phase in pediatric patients from 6 years to 17 years of age (Study 3).

Study results demonstrated that treatment with Toviaz 4 mg and 8 mg daily resulted in improvements from baseline to Week 12 in maximum cystometric bladder capacity (MCBC) for patients weighing greater than 25 kg. The most commonly reported adverse reactions in patients who received Toviaz 4 mg or 8 mg in Study 3 (≥2%) were diarrhea, UTI, dry mouth, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, weight increase and headache. Mean increases from baseline in heart rate were reported with both the 4 mg and 8 mg daily doses of Toviaz, with larger mean increases reported in pediatric patients who received the 8 mg daily dose.

The safety and effectiveness of Toviaz have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 6 years of age or weighing 25 kg or less.

• Toviaz is contraindicated in patients with any of the following:
• Known or suspected hypersensitivity to Toviaz or any of its ingredients, or to tolterodine tartrate tablets or tolterodine tartrate extended-release capsules. Reactions have included angioedema
• Urinary retention
• Gastric retention
• Uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma
• Known or suspected hypersensitivity to Toviaz or any of its ingredients or to tolterodine tartrate tablets or tolterodine tartrate extended-release capsules.
• Urinary retention
• Gastric retention
• Uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma.

Overdosage with Toviaz can result in severe anticholinergic effects. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive. In the event of overdosage, ECG monitoring is recommended.