Skytrofa Drug Information

• (lonapegsomatropin-tcgd) is a human growth hormone indicated for the: Treatment of pediatric patients 1 year and older who weigh at least 11.5 kg and have growth failure due to inadequate secretion of endogenous growth hormone (GH). Replacement of endogenous growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).
• SKYTROFA is a human growth hormone indicated for: Pediatric Patients: Treatment of pediatric patients 1 year and older who weigh at least 11.5 kg and have growth failure due to inadequate secretion of endogenous growth hormone (GH).
• Adults: Replacement of endogenous growth hormone in adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. Pediatric Patients with Growth Hormone Deficiency SKYTROFA was studied in a 52-week, open-label, active-controlled trial in 161 treatment-naïve, prepubertal pediatric patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) . The subjects ranged in age from 3.2 to 13.1 years with a mean of 8.5 years. One hundred thirty-two (82%) of the subjects were male and 29 (18%) were female.

One subject was Asian, 3 were Black or African American, 152 were Caucasian, and 5 were categorized as "other." Table 2 shows common adverse reactions that occurred in ≥ 5% of patients treated with SKYTROFA in this trial. Table 2: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 5% SKYTROFA-Treated Pediatric Patients and More Frequently Than in Daily Somatropin-Treated Pediatric Patients (52 Weeks of Treatment) Adverse reactions Daily Somatropin (N = 56) n (%) SKYTROFA (N = 105) n (%) Adverse reactions that are medically related were grouped to a single preferred term. Infection, viral 6 (11%) 16 (15%) Pyrexia 5 (9%) 16 (15%) Cough 4 (7%) 11 (11%) Nausea and vomiting 4 (7%) 11 (11%) Hemorrhage Hemorrhage in the SKYTROFA treatment group included epistaxis, contusion, petechiae and eye hemorrhage. 1 (2%) 7 (7%) Diarrhea 3 (5%) 6 (6%) Abdominal pain 2 (4%) 6 (6%) Arthralgia and arthritis Arthralgia and arthritis in the SKYTROFA treatment group included arthralgia and reactive arthritis. 1 (2%) 6 (6%) Laboratory Tests More SKYTROFA-treated patients shifted from normal baseline levels to elevated phosphate and alkaline phosphatase levels at the end of the trial compared to the daily somatropin group (44.2% vs. 30.2% and 19.2% vs. 9.4%, respectively); these laboratory changes occurred intermittently . Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency SKYTROFA was studied in a 38-week parallel-arm, placebo-controlled (double-blind) and active-controlled (open label) trial in 259 adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) . The mean (range) age at enrollment was 43 (23 to 81) years old, with 119 (46%) females (55 on oral estrogen) and 140 (54%) males.

One subject was American Indian or Alaska Native, one was Black or African American, 28 were Asian, and 218 were Caucasian. Table 3 shows adverse reactions that occurred in ≥ 5% of adults treated with SKYTROFA and more frequently than in placebo-treated adults in this trial. Table 3: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 5% of SKYTROFA-Treated Adults and More Frequently Than in Placebo-treated Adults (38 Weeks of Treatment) Adverse reactions Placebo (N = 84) n (%) SKYTROFA (N = 89) n (%) Adverse reactions that are medically related were grouped to a single preferred term.

Edema Edema in the SKYTROFA treatment group included edema peripheral and peripheral swelling. 1 (1%) 7 (8%) Central (secondary) hypothyroidism Central (secondary) hypothyroidism in the SKYTROFA treatment group included thyroxine free decreased, central hypothyroidism, thyroxine decreased, blood thyroid stimulating hormone decreased, tri-iodothyronine free decreased. Preexisting central hypothyroidism in 5 of 6 SKYTROFA-treated patients. 1 (1%) 6 (7%) Laboratory Tests More SKYTROFA-treated patients shifted from normal or low baseline levels to elevated alkaline phosphatase levels at the end of the trial compared to the placebo group (14% vs. 6%); these laboratory changes were noted with increased frequency as the trial progressed .

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of somatropin products or SKYTROFA. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Severe systemic hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic reactions and angioedema Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders – osteonecrosis in pediatric patients

Table 4 includes a list of drugs with clinically important drug interactions when administered concomitantly with SKYTROFA and instructions for preventing or managing them. Table 4: Clinically Important Drug Interactions with SKYTROFA Replacement Glucocorticoid Treatment Clinical Impact: Microsomal enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD-1) is required for conversion of cortisone to its active metabolite, cortisol, in hepatic and adipose tissue. Somatropin inhibits 11βHSD-1. Consequently, individuals with untreated growth hormone deficiency (GHD) have relative increases in 11βHSD-1 and serum cortisol.

Initiation of SKYTROFA may result in inhibition of 11βHSD-1 and reduced serum cortisol concentrations. Intervention: Patients treated with glucocorticoid replacement for hypoadrenalism may require an increase in their maintenance or stress doses following initiation of SKYTROFA Examples Cortisone acetate and prednisone may be affected more than others because conversion of these drugs to their biologically active metabolites is dependent on the activity of 11βHSD-1. Pharmacologic Glucocorticoid Therapy and Supraphysiologic Glucocorticoid Treatment Clinical Impact: Pharmacologic glucocorticoid therapy and supraphysiologic glucocorticoid treatment may attenuate the growth-promoting effects of SKYTROFA in pediatric patients. Intervention: Carefully adjust glucocorticoid replacement dosing in pediatric patients receiving glucocorticoid treatments to avoid both hypoadrenalism and an inhibitory effect on growth.

Cytochrome P450-Metabolized Drugs Clinical Impact: Limited published data indicate that somatropin treatment increases cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-mediated antipyrine clearance. SKYTROFA may alter the clearance of compounds known to be metabolized by CYP450 liver enzymes. Intervention: Careful monitoring is advisable when SKYTROFA is administered in combination with drugs metabolized by CYP450 liver enzymes.

Oral Estrogen Clinical Impact: Oral estrogens may reduce the serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) response to SKYTROFA. Intervention: Patients receiving oral estrogen replacement may require higher SKYTROFA dosages. Insulin and/or Other Antihyperglycemic Agents Clinical Impact: Treatment with SKYTROFA may decrease insulin sensitivity, particularly at higher doses. Intervention: Patients with diabetes mellitus may require adjustment of their doses of insulin and/or other antihyperglycemic agents . Replacement Glucocorticoid Treatment: Patients treated with glucocorticoid for hypoadrenalism may require an increase in their maintenance or stress doses following initiation of SKYTROFA. Pharmacologic Glucocorticoid Therapy and Supraphysiologic Glucocorticoid Treatment: Adjust glucocorticoid dosing in pediatric patients to avoid both hypoadrenalism and an inhibitory effect on growth.

Cytochrome P450-Metabolized Drugs: SKYTROFA may alter the clearance. Monitor carefully if used with SKYTROFA. Oral Estrogen: Larger doses of SKYTROFA may be required. Insulin and/or Other Antihyperglycemic Agents: Dose adjustment of insulin or antihyperglycemic agent may be required.

Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no available data on lonapegsomatropin-tcgd use in pregnant patients to evaluate a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Available published data over several decades for somatropin, the active component of lonapegsomatropin-tcgd, have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, there was no evidence of embryo-fetal or neonatal harm when pregnant rats were administered subcutaneous lonapegsomatropin-tcgd at doses up to 13-fold the clinical pediatric dose of 0.24 mg/kg/week and approximately 30-fold the maximum clinical therapeutic dose for adult GHD of 6.3 mg hGH/week (see Data ). The estimated background risk of birth defects and miscarriages for the indicated population is unknown.

All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriages in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data No embryonic or fetal development toxicities occurred in rats administered subcutaneous lonapegsomatropin-tcgd at doses up to 13-fold the clinical pediatric dose of 0.24 mg/kg/week and approximately 30-fold the maximum clinical therapeutic dose for adult GHD of 6.3 mg hGH/week.

In a peri- and post-natal developmental study in rats, there were no adverse effects on the pregnant/lactating female or on development of the conceptus and the offspring following exposure of the female from implantation through weaning to doses of a structurally related pegylated somatropin prodrug up to 13-fold the clinical pediatric dose of 0.24 mg/kg/week and approximately 30-fold the maximum clinical therapeutic dose for adult GHD of 6.3 mg hGH/week.

Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness of SKYTROFA have been established in pediatric patients 1 year and older and who weigh at least 11.5 kg. Pediatric use was established in a controlled study of 161 treatment-naïve pediatric patients ages 3 to 13 years and by supportive data in pediatric patients 1 year and older . The safety and effectiveness of SKYTROFA in children less than 1 year of age have not been established. Use of somatropin in pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome has been associated with reports of sudden death.

SKYTROFA is not indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients with growth failure due to genetically confirmed Prader-Willi syndrome .

is contraindicated in patients with: Acute critical illness after open heart surgery, abdominal surgery or multiple accidental trauma, or those with acute respiratory failure due to the risk of increased mortality with use of pharmacologic doses of somatropin . Hypersensitivity to somatropin or any of the excipients in SKYTROFA. Severe systemic hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic reactions and angioedema, have been reported. Pediatric patients with closed epiphyses. Active malignancy due to the risk of malignancy progression.

Active proliferative or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy because treatment with somatropin may worsen this condition. Pediatric patients with Prader-Willi syndrome who are severely obese, have a history of upper airway obstruction or sleep apnea or have severe respiratory impairment due to the risk of sudden death. Acute critical illness Hypersensitivity to somatropin or any of the excipients in SKYTROFA Children with closed epiphyses Active malignancy Active proliferative or severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy Children with Prader-Willi syndrome who are severely obese or have severe respiratory impairment due to risk of sudden death

Acute overdosage may lead initially to hypoglycemia and subsequently to hyperglycemia. Overdose with somatropin may cause fluid retention. Long-term overdosage may result in signs and symptoms of gigantism consistent with the known effects of excess growth hormone.