Rezzayo Drug Information
Generic name: REZAFUNGIN
Echinocandin Antifungal [EPC]
Uses of Rezzayo
Indication
REZZAYO is indicated in patients 18 years of age or older who have limited or no alternative options for the treatment of candidemia and invasive candidiasis . Approval of this indication is based on limited clinical safety and efficacy data for REZZAYO . Limitations of Use REZZAYO has not been studied in patients with endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and meningitis due to Candida.
Usage Specimens for culture and other laboratory data (e.g., histopathology, non-culture diagnostics)
should be obtained prior to initiating antifungal therapy. Therapy may be initiated before the results of the cultures and other laboratory tests are known. However, once these results become available, antifungal therapy should be adjusted accordingly.
Dosage & Administration of Rezzayo
| 400 mg | 2 |
|---|---|
| 200 mg | 1 |
Side Effects of Rezzayo
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of REZZAYO cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of REZZAYO was assessed in 76 subjects in phase 1 studies and 232 patients with candidemia and invasive candidiasis in Trials 1 and 2, who received a 400 mg loading dose followed by a 200 mg dose once weekly or higher (please note that after the loading dose of 400 mg, weekly doses higher than 200 mg are not approved). A total of 151 patients received an initial 400 mg loading dose followed by a 200 mg dose once weekly thereafter (400 mg/200 mg dose); the maximum duration of dosing was 4 weekly doses (including the loading dose). In the pooled Trial 1 and 2 safety database of REZZAYO patients treated with the 400 mg/200 mg dose, the age range was 19-91 years, the gender distribution was 64.9% male and 35.1% females, and the race distribution was 66.2% White, 7.9% Black, 17.9% Asian, 2.7% other, and 5.3% not reported. Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation in Patients with Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis The number of patients with an adverse reaction leading to discontinuation of study medication was 9.3% in the REZZAYO arm and 9.0% in the caspofungin arm.
In Trial 2, patients with a history (or presenting with significant symptoms) of severe ataxia, tremor, or neuropathy or a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis or a movement disorder (including Parkinson's Disease or Huntington's Disease) or currently taking a known neurotoxic medication were excluded from the trial. Most Common Adverse Reactions in Patients with Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis Selected adverse reactions occurring in 5% or more of the patients, who received a 400 mg loading dose followed by a 200 mg dose of REZZAYO once weekly are shown in Table 2. Table 2: Adverse Reactions Reported in ≥5% of Adult Patients Receiving REZZAYO Therapy for Candidemia/Invasive Candidiasis Adverse Reaction REZZAYO N = 151 n (%) Caspofungin N = 166 n (%) Gastrointestinal disorders Diarrhea 17 (11%) 17 (10%) Vomiting 14 (9%) 7 (4%) Nausea 13 (9%) 8 (5%) Abdominal pain 11 (7%) 9 (5%) Constipation 8 (5%) 8 (5%) Metabolism and nutrition disorders Hypokalemia 22 (15%) 17 (10%) Hypomagnesemia 12 (8%) 5 (3%) Hypophosphatemia 8 (5%) 5 (3%) General disorders Pyrexia 18 (12%) 11 (7%) Blood and lymphatic system disorders Anemia 15 (10%) 13 (8%) Less Common Adverse Reactions in Patients with Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis The following selected adverse reactions occurred in <5% of patients receiving REZZAYO: infusion-related reactions, tremor, disseminated intravascular coagulation, dysphagia, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, fluid overload, insomnia, erythema, headache, dizziness, acute kidney injury, abnormal liver tests (including hypertransaminasemia and increased gamma-glutamyltransferase), peripheral neuropathy (includes neuropathy peripheral, polyneuropathy, and peroneal nerve palsy). Tremors Tremors were reported in 4/151 (2.6%) of REZZAYO-treated patients and none of the caspofungin-treated patients in Trials 1 and 2. All tremors developed in the second or third week after initiation of REZZAYO treatment and resolved within a month of onset.
Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of REZZAYO. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Immune system disorders : drug hypersensitivity, anaphylactic reaction
Warnings & Cautions for Rezzayo
Hypersensitivity Reactions, including Anaphylaxis Cases of serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have
been reported in patients receiving REZZAYO. If these reactions occur, discontinue REZZAYO and administer appropriate treatment .
Infusion-Related Reactions Infusion-related reactions, including flushing, sensation of warmth, urticaria, nausea, and
chest tightness have been observed in clinical trials with REZZAYO. If these reactions occur, slow or pause the infusion and restart at a lower rate .
Photosensitivity
REZZAYO may cause photosensitivity. Patients should be advised to use protection from sun exposure and other sources of UV radiation during REZZAYO treatment.
Hepatic Adverse Reactions Abnormalities in liver tests have been seen in clinical
trial patients treated with REZZAYO . In some patients with serious underlying medical conditions who were receiving multiple concomitant medications along with REZZAYO, clinically significant hepatic abnormalities have occurred. Monitor patients who develop abnormal liver tests during REZZAYO therapy and evaluate patients for their risk/benefit of continuing REZZAYO therapy.
Pregnancy Safety for Rezzayo
Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no data on the use of REZZAYO during pregnancy to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. No adverse embryofetal outcomes were observed when rezafungin was dosed intravenously to pregnant rats or rabbits during the period of organogenesis up to approximately 5 or 3 times the clinical exposure based on AUC comparison (see Data ). In a pre- and post- natal study, there were no adverse effects on offspring growth, maturation, or measures of neurobehavioral or reproductive function in rats at doses up to about 5 times the recommended human dose based on AUC comparisons. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.
All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data In an embryofetal development study, intravenous rezafungin was administered at doses up to 45 mg/kg, once every 3 days to female rats one week prior to pairing with untreated males, and dosing was continued through mating to gestation day 17. Maternal toxicity included a transient histamine-release response (hypoactivity, ataxia, flushed extremities, dilated pupils and/or swollen facial area) at rezafungin doses of 15 mg/kg and above.
No adverse embryofetal outcomes were observed in rat pups at rezafungin doses of 45 mg/kg, equivalent to 5 times the clinical exposure based on AUC comparisons. No adverse outcomes were observed when rezafungin was dosed intravenously once every 3 days to pregnant rabbits during the period of organogenesis (GD 7 to 19) at doses up to 35 mg/kg (approximately 3 times the clinical exposure) despite maternal toxicity (reduced bodyweight gain). In a pre- and post-natal study, there were no adverse effects on offspring growth, maturation, or measures of neurobehavioral or reproductive function in rats administered rezafungin intravenously once every 3 days from 1 week prior to mating through weaning (LD20), at doses up to 45 mg/kg/day (about 5 times the recommended human dose based on AUC comparisons).
Pediatric Use of Rezzayo
Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of REZZAYO have not been established in pediatric patients.
Contraindications for Rezzayo
is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to rezafungin or other echinocandins. Known hypersensitivity to rezafungin or other echinocandins.
Overdosage Information for Rezzayo
No cases of overdose were reported during the clinical studies. Rezafungin is highly protein bound and not anticipated to be dialyzable.
Clinical Studies of Rezzayo
The safety and efficacy of REZZAYO in the treatment of patients with candidemia and/or invasive candidiasis (IC) were evaluated in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind study (Trial 1; NCT03667690). Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive REZZAYO or caspofungin. Randomization was stratified based on diagnosis (candidemia only; IC) and by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (APACHE II)/absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at screening. Patients with septic arthritis in a prosthetic joint, osteomyelitis, endocarditis or myocarditis, meningitis, endophthalmitis, chorioretinitis, or any central nervous system infection, chronic disseminated candidiasis, or urinary tract candidiasis due to ascending Candida infection secondary to obstruction or surgical instrumentation of the urinary tract were excluded.
Patients in the REZZAYO arm were to receive a single 400 mg loading dose on Day 1 of Week 1, followed by 200 mg once weekly, for a total of two to four doses. Patients in the caspofungin arm were to receive a single 70 mg IV loading dose, followed by caspofungin 50 mg IV once daily treatment for a total of 2 to 4 weeks. After ≥3 days of IV therapy, patients in the caspofungin group could be switched to oral step-down therapy (fluconazole), if the patient met the criteria for cure and was preparing to be discharged.
One hundred and ninety-nine patients in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population were randomized. The age range was 19-91 years, the gender distribution was 62% male and 38% female, and the race distribution was 61% White, 5% Black, 29% Asian, and 5% other races or not reported. The median duration of therapy was 14 days in the two treatment arms.
The modified ITT (mITT) population included 187 patients with a culture positive for Candida species within 4 days before randomization and who received at least one dose of study drug. The most frequent species isolated at baseline was C. albicans (42%), followed by C. glabrata (26%), C. tropicalis (20%), and C. parapsilosis (13%). The majority (70%) of patients had a diagnosis of candidemia only. The majority (93%) of patients were not neutropenic (ANC ≥500) and 84% had APACHE II scores less than 20. Risk factors for candidemia were: receipt of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs (71%), presence of a central venous catheter (60%), major surgery (35%), diabetes mellitus (29%), active malignancy (25%), and total parenteral nutrition (20%). Mechanically ventilated patients were 24% (17% and 30% in the REZZAYO and caspofungin group, respectively). Efficacy was assessed by all-cause mortality at Day 30. The number and percentage of patients in each treatment group who were alive and deceased/unknown survival status at Day 30 was determined in the mITT population.
Additional efficacy outcomes were global cure (mycological eradication/presumed eradication, clinical cure, and radiological cure ), mycological eradication/presumed eradication, and investigator's assessment of clinical cure. Results of the efficacy endpoints are shown in Table 4. Table 4: Summary of Efficacy Results from Trial 1 (mITT Population) REZZAYO 400 mg/200 mg N = 93 n (%) Caspofungin 70 mg/50 mg N = 94 n (%) Difference (95% CI) Two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the observed differences in cure rates (REZZAYO minus caspofungin) is calculated using the unadjusted methodology of Miettinen and Nurminen. All-Cause Mortality (Day 30) Patients who died on or before Day 30, or with unknown survival status. 22 20 2.4 (-9.7, 14.4) Global Cure Patients with a mycological eradication/presumed eradication, clinical cure and radiologic cure (for patients with IC documented by radiologic or other imaging findings at baseline), as adjudicated by the Data Review Committee.
Day 5 52 49 3.8 (-10.5, 17.9) Day 14 55 57 -1.5 (-15.4, 12.5) Clinical Cure Investigator's assessment of clinical response based on resolution of attributable systemic signs and symptoms of candidemia/IC, no new systemic signs or symptoms attributable to candidemia/IC, no new systemic antifungal therapy to treat candidemia/IC, and the subject is alive. Day 5 59 70 -11.0 (-24.0, 2.3) Day 14 62 63 -0.4 (-13.8, 13.1) Day 30 51 52 -0.5 (-14.6, 13.7) Mycological eradication/presumed eradication Negative blood culture or culture from a normally sterile site and no change in antifungal therapy for the treatment of candidemia and/or IC. For IC patients, if the normally sterile baseline site of Candida infection was not accessible, the patient was presumed to have an eradication if the clinical outcome and radiologic outcome (if assessed) was a cure. Day 5 64 58 7.1 (-6.6, 20.6) Day 14 63 62 1.8 (-11.7, 15.2) A multicenter, randomized, dose-finding, exploratory, double-blind study was conducted in subjects with candidemia and/or invasive candidiasis (Trial 2: NCT02734862). The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate safety and tolerability of rezafungin and overall success (mycological eradication and resolution of systemic signs attributable to candidemia and/IC) at Day 14. The study provides safety and supportive efficacy data.
Drug information sourced from the FDA. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional before making any medication decisions.
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