Retevmo Drug Information
Generic name: SELPERCATINIB
Kinase Inhibitor [EPC]
Uses of Retevmo
RET Fusion-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
RETEVMO ® is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a rearranged during transfection (RET) gene fusion, as detected by an FDA-approved test.
RET -Mutant Medullary Thyroid Cancer
RETEVMO is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) with a RET mutation, as detected by an FDA-approved test, who require systemic therapy.
RET Fusion-Positive Thyroid Cancer
RETEVMO is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer with a RET gene fusion, as detected by an FDA-approved test, who require systemic therapy and who are radioactive iodine-refractory (if radioactive iodine is appropriate).
Other
RET Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors RETEVMO is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors with a RET gene fusion, as detected by an FDA-approved test, that have progressed on or following prior systemic treatment or who have no satisfactory alternative treatment options. This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on overall response rate and duration of response . Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory trial(s).
Dosage & Administration of Retevmo
| Adult and adolescent patients 12 years of age or older based on body weight | |
|---|---|
| 120 mg twice daily |
| 160 mg twice daily |
| Pediatric patients 2 to less than 12 years of age based on body surface area | |
| 40 mg three times daily |
| 80 mg twice daily |
| 120 mg twice daily |
| 160 mg twice daily |
| Dosing pediatric patients with body surface area less than 0.33 m2 is not recommended | |
Side Effects of Retevmo
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety population described in the WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS and below reflects exposure to RETEVMO as a single agent administered at 160 mg orally twice daily evaluated in 796 patients with advanced solid tumors in LIBRETTO-001 . RET Gene Fusion or Gene Mutation Positive Solid Tumors LIBRETTO-001 Among the 796 patients who received RETEVMO, 84% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 73% were exposed for greater than one year. Among these patients, 96% received at least one dose of RETEVMO at the recommended dosage of 160 mg orally twice daily.
The median age was 59 years (range: 15 to 92 years); 0.3% were pediatric patients 12 to 16 years of age; 51% were male; and 69% were White, 23% were Asian, and 3% were Black or African American; and 5% were Hispanic/Latino. The most common tumors were NSCLC (45%), MTC (40%), and non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (7%). Serious adverse reactions occurred in 44% of patients who received RETEVMO. The most frequent serious adverse reactions (≥2% of patients) were pneumonia, pleural effusion, abdominal pain, hemorrhage, hypersensitivity, dyspnea, and hyponatremia. Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 3% of patients; fatal adverse reactions included sepsis (n = 6), respiratory failure (n = 5), hemorrhage (n = 4), pneumonia (n = 3), pneumonitis (n = 2), cardiac arrest (n=2), sudden death (n = 1), and cardiac failure (n = 1). Permanent discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 8% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions resulting in permanent discontinuation in ≥0.5% of patients included increased ALT (0.6%), fatigue (0.6%), sepsis (0.5%), and increased AST (0.5%). Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 64% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage interruption in ≥5% of patients included increased ALT, increased AST, diarrhea, and hypertension.
Dose reductions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 41% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage reductions in ≥2% of patients included increased ALT, increased AST, QT prolongation, fatigue, diarrhea, drug hypersensitivity, and edema. The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) were edema, diarrhea, fatigue, dry mouth, hypertension, abdominal pain, constipation, rash, nausea, and headache. The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥5%) were decreased lymphocytes, increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), decreased sodium, and decreased calcium.
Table 6 summarizes the adverse reactions in LIBRETTO-001. Table 6: Adverse Reactions (≥20%) in Patients Who Received RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-001 1 Edema includes edema peripheral, face edema, periorbital edema, eye edema, eyelid edema, orbital edema, localized edema, lymphedema, scrotal edema, peripheral swelling, scrotal swelling, swelling, swelling face, eye swelling, generalized edema, genital edema. 2 Fatigue includes asthenia and malaise. 3 Diarrhea includes defecation urgency, frequent bowel movements, gastrointestinal hypermotility, anal incontinence. 4 Abdominal pain includes abdominal pain upper, abdominal pain lower, abdominal discomfort, abdominal tenderness, epigastric discomfort, gastrointestinal pain. 5 Rash includes rash erythematous, rash macular, rash maculopapular, rash morbilliform, rash papular, rash pruritic, butterfly rash, exfoliative rash, rash follicular, rash generalized, rash vesicular. 6 Headache includes sinus headache, tension headache. 7 Cough includes productive cough, upper airway cough syndrome. 8 Dyspnea includes dyspnea exertional, dyspnea at rest. 9 Hemorrhage includes, epistaxis, hematuria, hemoptysis, contusion, rectal hemorrhage, vaginal hemorrhage, ecchymosis, hematochezia, petechiae, traumatic hematoma, anal hemorrhage, blood blister, blood urine present, cerebral hemorrhage, gastric hemorrhage, hemorrhage intracranial, hemorrhage subcutaneous, spontaneous hematoma, abdominal wall hematoma, angina bullosa hemorrhagica, conjunctival hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation, diverticulum intestinal hemorrhagic, eye hemorrhage, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gingival bleeding, hematemesis, hemorrhagic stroke, hemorrhoidal hemorrhage, hepatic hemorrhage, hepatic hematoma, intraabdominal hemorrhage, laryngeal hemorrhage, lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage, melena, mouth hemorrhage, occult blood positive, post procedural hemorrhage, postmenopausal hemorrhage, pelvic hematoma, periorbital hematoma, periorbital hemorrhage, pharyngeal hemorrhage, pulmonary contusion, purpura, retinal hemorrhage, retroperitoneal hematoma, scleral hemorrhage, skin hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, uterine hemorrhage, vessel puncture site hematoma. * Only includes a grade 3 adverse reaction. # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 4.03 Adverse Reaction RETEVMO (n = 796) Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions Edema 1 49 0.8* Fatigue 2 46 3.1* Arthralgia 21 0.3* Gastrointestinal Disorders Diarrhea 3 47 5* Dry Mouth 43 0 Abdominal pain 4 34 2.5* Constipation 33 0.8* Nausea 31 1.1* Vomiting 22 1.8* Vascular Disorders Hypertension 41 20 Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders Rash 5 33 0.6* Nervous System Disorders Headache 6 28 1.4* Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders Cough 7 24 0 Dyspnea 8 22
Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders Hemorrhage 9 22 2.6 Investigations Prolonged QT
interval 21 4.8* Clinically relevant adverse reactions in ≤15% of patients who received RETEVMO include hypothyroidism (13%); pneumonia (11%), hypersensitivity (6%); interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis, chylothorax, chylous ascites or tumor lysis syndrome (all < 2%). Table 7 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in LIBRETTO-001. Table 7: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥20%) Worsening from Baseline in Patients Who Received RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-001 1 Denominator for each laboratory parameter is based on the number of patients with a baseline and post-treatment laboratory value available, which ranged from 765 to 791 patients. # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 4.03 Laboratory Abnormality RETEVMO 1 Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Chemistry Increased AST 59 11 Decreased calcium 59
Increased
ALT 56 12 Decreased albumin 56
Increased glucose 53 2.8 Increased creatinine 47 2.4 Decreased sodium 42 11
Increased alkaline phosphatase 40
Decreased magnesium 33 0.6 Increased bilirubin 30 2.8 Hematology Decreased lymphocytes 52
20 Decreased platelets 37
Decreased hemoglobin 28 3.5 Decreased neutrophils 25 3.2
LIBRETTO-121 The safety population described below reflects exposure to RETEVMO as a single agent at 92 mg/m 2 orally twice daily evaluated in 36 patients with advanced solid tumors harboring an activating RET alteration in LIBRETTO-121 . Among the 36 pediatric and adolescent patients who received RETEVMO, 86% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 72% were exposed for greater than one year. The median age was 13 years (range: 2 to 20 years); 31% were pediatric patients 2 to 12 years of age; 53% were male; and 47% were White, 28% were Asian, and 8% were Black or African American; and 19% were Hispanic/Latino. The most common cancers were MTC (42%), and papillary thyroid cancer (42%). Serious adverse reactions occurred in 42% of patients who received RETEVMO. Serious adverse reactions occurring in more than 1 patient were vomiting and fracture (2 patients each). Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 42% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage interruption in ≥5% of patients included increased ALT, increased AST, ascites, increased bilirubin, decreased neutrophils, and pyrexia.
Dose reductions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 22% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage reductions in ≥2% of patients included increased ALT, decreased neutrophils, increased weight, and increased bilirubin. The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) were musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, nausea, hemorrhage, pyrexia, abdominal pain, headache, vomiting, fatigue, cough, rash, coronavirus infection, upper respiratory tract infection, and edema. The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥5%) were decreased lymphocytes, decreased calcium, decreased hemoglobin, decreased neutrophils, increased ALT, decreased magnesium, and decreased potassium.
Table 8 summarizes the adverse reactions in LIBRETTO-121. Table 8: Adverse Reactions (≥15%) in Patients Who Received RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-121 Adverse Reactions RETEVMO N= 36 Grades 1-4# % Grades 3-4 % 1 Musculoskeletal pain includes arthralgia, back pain, bone pain, musculoskeletal chest pain, non-cardiac chest pain, neck pain, pain in extremity 2 Diarrhea includes anal incontinence 3 Abdominal pain includes abdominal pain upper, abdominal discomfort 4 Hemorrhage includes epistaxis, hematuria, anal hemorrhage, blood urine present, hemoptysis, menorrhagia, mouth hemorrhage 5 Fatigue includes asthenia, malaise 6 Edema includes face edema, edema peripheral, periorbital edema, localized edema, generalized edema, gastrointestinal edema, swelling 7 Rash includes rash maculopapular, rash erythematous, urticaria 8 Urinary tract infection includes cystitis 9 Hypothyroidism includes blood thyroid stimulating hormone increased, thyroglobulin increased * No Grade 4 events were reported. # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 5.0. Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders Musculoskeletal pain 1 58 0 Gastrointestinal Disorders Diarrhea 2 47 2.8* Nausea 42 2.8 * Abdominal pain 3 36 0 Vomiting 31 8* Constipation 22 6 * Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders Hemorrhage 4 39 0 General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions Pyrexia 39 0 Fatigue 5 31 0 Edema 6 25 0 Nervous System Disorders Headache 33 0 Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal Disorders Cough 31 0 Oropharyngeal pain 22 0 Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders Rash 7 28 0 Infections and Infestations Coronavirus infection 28 0 Upper respiratory tract infection 28 2.8* Urinary tract infection 8 19 2.8* Endocrine Disorders Hypothyroidism 9 22 0 Investigations Increased weight 19 11* Clinically relevant adverse reactions in <15% of patients who received RETEVMO include dizziness (14%), electrocardiogram QT prolonged (14%), hypersensitivity (11%), stomatitis (14%), proteinuria (11%), hypertension (8%), decreased appetite (8%), erectile dysfunction (6%), chylous ascites (2.8%), dry mouth (2.8%), epiphysiolysis (2.8%), and pneumonia (2.8%). Table 9 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in LIBRETTO-121. Table 9: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥15%) Worsening from Baseline in Patients Who Received RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-121 1 Denominator for each laboratory parameter is based on the number of patients with a baseline and post-treatment laboratory value available, which ranged from 18 to 36 patients. * No Grade 4 abnormalities were reported. # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 5. Laboratory Abnormality RETEVMO1 Grades 1-4# (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Chemistry Decreased calcium 61 11 Increased ALT 58 8* Decreased albumin 53 0 Increased alkaline phosphatase 50 0 Increased AST 50 2.8* Increased bilirubin 31 2.8* Increased cholesterol 28 0 Decreased magnesium 28 6 Increased potassium 28
Increased creatinine 19 2.8 Decreased potassium 19 6 Decreased sodium 17 0
Hematology Decreased neutrophils 40 8 Decreased hemoglobin 36 11* Increased hemoglobin 33 2.8* Decreased platelets 28 2.8* Decreased lymphocytes 28 14 Treatment-naïve RET Fusion-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer LIBRETTO-431 The safety population described below reflects exposure to RETEVMO as a single agent administered at 160 mg orally twice daily evaluated in 158 patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic RET fusion-positive NSCLC in LIBRETTO-431. Among the 158 patients who received RETEVMO, the median duration of exposure was 16.7 months (range: 5 days to 37.9 months); 87% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 70% were exposed for one year or longer. The median age was 61 years (range: 31 to 87 years); 46% were male; and 36% were White, 58% were Asian, 1.3% were Black or African American, 1.3% were American Indian or Alaska Native, and 3.2% were missing. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 35% of patients who received RETEVMO. The most frequent serious adverse reactions (≥2% of patients) were pleural effusion, and abnormal hepatic function.
Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 4.4% of patients who received RETEVMO; fatal adverse reactions included myocardial infarction (n = 2), respiratory failure (n = 2), cardiac arrest, malnutrition, and sudden death (n = 1, each). Permanent discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 10% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions resulting in permanent discontinuation in ≥1% of patients included increased ALT (1.3%), and myocardial infarction (1.3%). Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 72% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage interruption in ≥5% of patients included increased ALT, hypertension, increased AST, QT prolongation, diarrhea, and COVID-19 infection. Dose reductions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 51% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions requiring dose reductions in ≥5% of patients included increased ALT, increased AST, QT prolongation. The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) in patients who received RETEVMO were hypertension, diarrhea, edema, dry mouth, rash, fatigue, abdominal pain, and musculoskeletal pain.
The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥5%) in patients who received RETEVMO were increased ALT, increased AST, and decreased lymphocytes. Table 10 summarizes the adverse reactions in LIBRETTO-431. Table 10: Adverse Reactions (≥15%) in Patients on Either Arm in LIBRETTO-431 1 Diarrhea includes diarrhea, anal incontinence. 2 Dry mouth includes dry mouth, mucosal dryness. 3 Abdominal pain includes abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain lower, gastrointestinal pain. 4 Stomatitis includes stomatitis, mouth ulceration, mucosal inflammation. 5 Vomiting includes vomiting, retching, regurgitation. 6 Edema includes edema, edema peripheral, face edema, periorbital edema, swelling face, peripheral swelling, localized edema, eyelid edema, orbital edema, eye edema, scrotal edema, penile edema, orbital swelling, periorbital swelling. 7 Fatigue includes fatigue, asthenia, malaise. 8 Rash includes rash, rash maculopapular, skin exfoliation, rash erythematous, rash macular, dermatitis, urticaria, rash papular, dermatitis allergic, rash pustular, rash vesicular, genital rash. 9 Musculoskeletal pain includes musculoskeletal pain, arthralgia, back pain, bone pain, musculoskeletal chest pain, non-cardiac chest pain, neck pain, pain in extremity. * No Grade 4 abnormalities were reported. # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 5.0. Adverse Reaction RETEVMO (n=158) Chemotherapy with or without pembrolizumab (n=98) Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Vascular disorders Hypertension 48 20* 7 3.1* Gastrointestinal disorders Diarrhea 1 44 1.3* 24 2.0* Dry mouth 2 39 0 6 0 Abdominal pain 3 25 0.6* 19 2.0* Constipation 22 0 40 1.0* Stomatitis 4 18 0 16 0 Nausea 13 0 44 1.0* Vomiting 5 13 0 23 1.0* General disorders and administration site conditions Edema 6 41 2.5* 28 0 Fatigue 7 32 3.2* 50 5* Pyrexia 13 0.6* 23 0 Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Rash 8 33 1.9* 30 1.0* Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders Musculoskeletal pain 9 25 0 28 0 Investigations Electrocardiogram QT prolonged 20 9* 1.0 0 Infections and infestations COVID-19 infection 19 0.6* 18 0 Metabolism and nutrition disorders Decreased appetite 17 0 34 2.0* Clinically relevant adverse reactions in <15% of patients who received RETEVMO include headache (14%); hemorrhage (13%); urinary tract infections (12%); hypothyroidism (9%); pneumonia (9%); dizziness (8%); interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis (4.4%); hypersensitivity, chylous ascites, and chylothorax (all < 2%). Table 11 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in LIBRETTO-431. Table 11: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥20%) Worsening from Baseline in Patients on Either Arm in LIBRETTO-431 1 Denominator for each laboratory parameter is based on the number of patients with a baseline and post-treatment laboratory value available: RETEVMO (range: 154 to 157 patients) and chemotherapy with or without pembrolizumab (range: 96 to 97 patients). # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 5.0. Laboratory Abnormality 1 RETEVMO Chemotherapy with or without pembrolizumab Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Chemistry ALT increased 81 21 63
AST increased 77 10 46 0 Alkaline phosphatase Increased 35 1.3 22
0 Total bilirubin Increased 52 1.3 9 0 Blood creatinine Increased 23 0 21 0 Magnesium decreased 16 0.6 8 0 Albumin decreased 25 0 5 0 Calcium decreased 53 1.9 24
Sodium decreased 31 3.2 41 2.1 Potassium decreased 17 1.3 15 1.0
Hematology Platelets decreased 53 3.2 39 5 Lymphocyte count decreased 53 8 64 15 Hemoglobin decreased 21 0 91 5 Neutrophil count decreased 53 2.0 58 11 Increased Creatinine In healthy subjects administered RETEVMO 160 mg orally twice daily, serum creatinine increased 18% after 10 days. Consider alternative markers of renal function if persistent elevations in serum creatinine are observed . RET-Mutant Medullary Thyroid Cancer LIBRETTO-531 The safety population described below reflects exposure to RETEVMO as a single agent administered at 160 mg (adults) or at 92 mg/m 2 (adolescent, not to exceed 160 mg) orally twice daily, in patients with progressive, advanced, kinase inhibitor naïve, RET -mutant medullary thyroid cancer in LIBRETTO-531 . Among the 193 patients who received RETEVMO, the observed median duration of exposure was 14.5 months (range: 25 days to 36 months); 80% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 59% were exposed for one year or longer. The median age was 55 years (range: 12 to 84 years); 63% were male; and 69% were White, 28% were Asian, 2.9% were Black or African American and ethnicity was not routinely collected.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 22% of patients who received RETEVMO. The most frequent serious adverse reactions were pneumonia and pyrexia (n = 3, each) and hypertension and urinary tract infection (n = 2, each). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 2.1% of patients; fatal adverse reactions included COVID-19, diabetic ketoacidosis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and sudden death (n=1 each). Permanent discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 4.7% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions resulting in permanent discontinuation were edema, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, sudden death, AST increased, diabetic ketoacidosis, chronic kidney disease, retinopathy, COVID-19, and somatic symptom disorder (n = 1, each). Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 49% of patients who received RETEVMO. Adverse reactions requiring dosage omission in ≥5% of patients included ALT increased (9%) and hypertension (7%). Dose reductions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 39% of patients who received RETEVMO. One adverse reaction, increased ALT (7%), required a dose reduction in ≥5% of patients. The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) in patients who received RETEVMO were hypertension, edema, dry mouth, fatigue, and diarrhea. The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥5%) in patients who received RETEVMO were decreased lymphocytes, increased ALT, decreased neutrophils, increased ALP, increased blood creatinine, decreased calcium, and increased AST. Table 12 summarizes the adverse reactions in LIBRETTO-531. Table 12: Adverse Reactions (≥10%) in Patients Who Received RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-531 1 Hypertension includes hypertension, blood pressure increased. 2 Edema includes edema peripheral, face edema, periorbital edema, swelling face, peripheral swelling, localized edema, eyelid edema, generalized edema, eye swelling, lymphoedema, orbital edema, eye edema, edema, edema genital, swelling, scrotal edema, scrotal swelling, angioedema, skin edema, testicular swelling, vulvovaginal swelling. 3 Fatigue includes fatigue, asthenia, malaise. 4 Dry mouth includes dry mouth, mucosal dryness. 5 Diarrhea includes diarrhea, anal incontinence, defecation urgency, frequent bowel movements, gastrointestinal hypermotility. 6 Abdominal pain included abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain lower, gastrointestinal pain. 7 Stomatitis includes stomatitis, mouth ulceration, mucosal inflammation. 8 Headache includes headache, sinus headache, tension headache. 9 Rash includes rash, rash maculopapular, skin exfoliation, rash erythematous, rash macular, dermatitis, urticaria, rash pruritic, exfoliative rash, rash papular, dermatitis allergic, rash follicular, rash generalized, rash pustular, butterfly rash, rash morbilliform, rash vesicular. 10 Electrocardiogram QT prolongation includes electrocardiogram QT prolonged, electrocardiogram QT interval abnormal. 11 Hypothyroidism includes hypothyroidism, blood thyroid stimulating hormone increased. * Only includes a Grade 3 adverse reaction # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) Version 5.0. Adverse Reaction RETEVMO N = 193 Cabozantinib or Vandetanib N = 97 Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Grades 1-4 # (%) Grades 3-4 (%) Vascular disorders Hypertension 1 43 19* 41 18* General disorders and administration-site conditions Edema 2 33 0 5 0 Fatigue 3 28 4.1* 47 9* Pyrexia 12 1.0* 2.1 0 Gastrointestinal disorders Dry mouth 4 32 0.5* 10 1.0* Diarrhea 5 26 3.1* 61 8* Abdominal pain 6 18 0.5* 21 2.1* Constipation 16 0 12 0 Stomatitis 7 14 0.5* 42 13* Pyrexia 12 1.0* 2.1 0 Nausea 10 1.0* 32 5* Nervous system disorders Headache 8 23 0.5* 21 0 Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Rash 9 19 1.6* 27 4.1* Reproductive system and breast disorders Erectile dysfunction 16 0 0 0 Investigations Electrocardiogram QT prolonged 10 14 4.7* 13 2.1* Metabolism and nutrition disorders Decreased appetite 12 0.5* 28 5* Endocrine disorders Hypothyroidism 11 11 0 21 0 Clinically relevant adverse reactions in ≤10% of patients who received RETEVMO include dizziness (8%); urinary tract infections (8%); vomiting (8%); pneumonia, interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis, chylous ascites, and hypersensitivity (all < 2%). Table 13 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in LIBRETTO-531. Table 13: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥5%) Worsening from Baseline in Patients Who Received RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-531 1 Denominator for each laboratory parameter is based on the number of patients with a baseline and post-treatment laboratory value available: RETEVMO (range: 183 to 191 patients) and chemotherapy with or without cabozantinib or vandetanib (range: 91 to 94 patients). * Only includes a Grade 3 laboratory abnormality # Graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version
Laboratory Abnormality
RETEVMO 1 Cabozantinib or Vandetanib 1 Grades 1-4 # % Grades 3-4 % Grades 1-4 # % Grades 3-4 % Chemistry Calcium decreased 55 5 62 11 ALT increased 53 16 72 7* AST increased 47 5 68 3.2* Alkaline phosphatase increased 37 6 28 5 Total bilirubin increased 32 1.1 30 3.2* Blood creatinine increased 27 6 16 8 Sodium decreased 20 3.2* 16 0 Albumin decreased 11 1.1 7 0 Magnesium decreased 9 3.3 26 9 Potassium decreased 8 0 22 4.4* Hematology Lymphocyte count decreased 41 18 36 13 Neutrophil count decreased 33 14 42 19 Platelets decreased 28 1.1 34 1.1* Hemoglobin decreased 18 2.1* 23 2.1* Increased Creatinine In healthy subjects administered RETEVMO 160 mg orally twice daily, serum creatinine increased 18% after 10 days. Consider alternative markers of renal function if persistent elevations in serum creatinine are observed .
Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse reaction has been identified during post-approval use of RETEVMO. Because such reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Warnings & Cautions for Retevmo
Hepatotoxicity Serious hepatic adverse reactions occurred in 3% of patients treated with
RETEVMO. Increased AST occurred in 59% of patients, including Grade 3 or 4 events in 11% and increased ALT occurred in 55% of patients, including Grade 3 or 4 events in 12% . The median time to first onset for increased AST was 6 weeks (range: 1 day to 3.4 years) and increased ALT was 5.8 weeks (range: 1 day to 2.5 years). Monitor ALT and AST prior to initiating RETEVMO, every 2 weeks during the first 3 months, then monthly thereafter and as clinically indicated. Withhold, reduce the dose or permanently discontinue RETEVMO based on the severity .
Interstitial Lung Disease/Pneumonitis Severe, life-threatening, and fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis can
occur in patients treated with RETEVMO. ILD/pneumonitis occurred in 1.8% of patients who received RETEVMO, including 0.3% with Grade 3 or 4 events, and 0.3% with fatal reactions. Monitor for pulmonary symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis. Withhold RETEVMO and promptly investigate for ILD in any patient who presents with acute or worsening of respiratory symptoms which may be indicative of ILD (e.g., dyspnea, cough, and fever). Withhold, reduce the dose or permanently discontinue RETEVMO based on severity of confirmed ILD.
Hypertension Hypertension occurred in 41% of patients, including Grade 3 hypertension in
20% and Grade 4 in one (0.1%) patient . Overall, 6.3% had their dose interrupted and 1.3% had their dose reduced for hypertension. Treatment-emergent hypertension was most commonly managed with anti-hypertension medications. Do not initiate RETEVMO in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
Optimize blood pressure prior to initiating RETEVMO. Monitor blood pressure after 1 week, at least monthly thereafter and as clinically indicated. Initiate or adjust anti-hypertensive therapy as appropriate. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue RETEVMO based on the severity .
QT Interval Prolongation
RETEVMO can cause concentration-dependent QT interval prolongation . An increase in QTcF interval to >500 ms was measured in 7% of patients and an increase in the QTcF interval of at least 60 ms over baseline was measured in 20% of patients . RETEVMO has not been studied in patients with clinically significant active cardiovascular disease or recent myocardial infarction. Monitor patients who are at significant risk of developing QTc prolongation, including patients with known long QT syndromes, clinically significant bradyarrhythmias, and severe or uncontrolled heart failure. Assess QT interval, electrolytes and TSH at baseline and periodically during treatment, adjusting frequency based upon risk factors including diarrhea.
Correct hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalcemia prior to initiating RETEVMO and during treatment. Monitor the QT interval more frequently when RETEVMO is concomitantly administered with strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors or drugs known to prolong QTc interval. Withhold and reduce the dose or permanently discontinue RETEVMO based on the severity .
Hemorrhagic Events Serious including fatal hemorrhagic events can occur with
RETEVMO. Grade ≥3 hemorrhagic events occurred in 3.1% of patients treated with RETEVMO, including 4 (0.5%) patients with fatal hemorrhagic events, including cerebral hemorrhage (n = 2), tracheostomy site hemorrhage (n = 1), and hemoptysis (n=1). Permanently discontinue RETEVMO in patients with severe or life-threatening hemorrhage .
Hypersensitivity
RETEVMO can cause hypersensitivity, including severe skin reactions such as Stevens Johnson Syndrome. All grade hypersensitivity occurred in 6% of patients receiving RETEVMO, including Grade 3 in 1.9%. The median time to onset was 1.9 weeks (range: 5 days to 2 years). Signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity included fever, rash and arthralgias or myalgias with concurrent decreased platelets or transaminitis. Stevens Johnsons Syndrome has been observed in the post-marketing setting . Discontinue RETEVMO in patients with Stevens Johnson Syndrome.
If hypersensitivity occurs, withhold RETEVMO and begin corticosteroids at a dose of 1 mg/kg prednisone (or equivalent). Upon resolution of the event, resume RETEVMO at a reduced dose and increase the dose of RETEVMO by 1 dose level each week as tolerated until reaching the dose taken prior to onset of hypersensitivity . Continue steroids until patient reaches target dose and then taper. Permanently discontinue RETEVMO for recurrent hypersensitivity.
Tumor Lysis Syndrome Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) occurred in 0.6% of patients
with medullary thyroid carcinoma receiving RETEVMO . Patients may be at risk of TLS if they have rapidly growing tumors, a high tumor burden, renal dysfunction, or dehydration. Closely monitor patients at risk, consider appropriate prophylaxis including hydration, and treat as clinically indicated.
Risk of Impaired Wound Healing Impaired wound healing can occur in patients
who receive drugs that inhibit the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway. Therefore, RETEVMO has the potential to adversely affect wound healing. Withhold RETEVMO for at least 7 days prior to elective surgery.
Do not administer for at least 2 weeks following major surgery and until adequate wound healing. The safety of resumption of RETEVMO after resolution of wound healing complications has not been established.
Hypothyroidism
RETEVMO can cause hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism occurred in 13% of patients treated with RETEVMO; all reactions were Grade 1 or 2. Hypothyroidism occurred in 13% of patients (50/373) with thyroid cancer and 13% of patients (53/423) with other solid tumors including NSCLC . Monitor thyroid function before treatment with RETEVMO and periodically during treatment. Treat with thyroid hormone replacement as clinically indicated.
Withhold RETEVMO until clinically stable or permanently discontinue RETEVMO based on severity . 5.10 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Based on data from animal reproduction studies and its mechanism of action, RETEVMO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Administration of selpercatinib to pregnant rats during organogenesis at maternal exposures that were approximately equal to those observed at the recommended human dose of 160 mg twice daily resulted in embryolethality and malformations. Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus.
Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with RETEVMO and for 1 week after the last dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with RETEVMO and for 1 week after the last dose . 5.11 Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis/Slipped Upper Femoral Epiphysis in Pediatric Patients Slipped capital femoral epiphysis/slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SCFE/SUFE) occurred in 1 adolescent (2.8% of 36 patients) receiving RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-121 and 1 adolescent (0.5% of 193 patients) receiving RETEVMO in LIBRETTO-531. Monitor patients for symptoms indicative of SCFE/SUFE and treat as medically and surgically appropriate .
Drug Interactions with Retevmo
Effects of Other Drugs on
RETEVMO Acid-Reducing Agents Concomitant use of RETEVMO with acid-reducing agents decreases selpercatinib plasma concentrations , which may reduce RETEVMO anti-tumor activity. Avoid concomitant use of PPIs, H2 receptor antagonists, and locally-acting antacids with RETEVMO. If coadministration cannot be avoided, take RETEVMO with food (with a PPI) or modify its administration time (with a H2 receptor antagonist or a locally-acting antacid) . Strong and Moderate CYP3A Inhibitors Concomitant use of RETEVMO with a strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitor increases selpercatinib plasma concentrations , which may increase the risk of RETEVMO adverse reactions, including QTc interval prolongation. Avoid concomitant use of strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors with RETEVMO. If concomitant use of strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors cannot be avoided, reduce the RETEVMO dosage and monitor the QT interval with ECGs more frequently . Strong and Moderate CYP3A Inducers Concomitant use of RETEVMO with a strong or moderate CYP3A inducer decreases selpercatinib plasma concentrations , which may reduce RETEVMO anti-tumor activity.
Avoid coadministration of strong or moderate CYP3A inducers with RETEVMO.
Effects of
RETEVMO on Other Drugs CYP2C8 and CYP3A Substrates RETEVMO is a moderate CYP2C8 inhibitor and a weak CYP3A inhibitor. Concomitant use of RETEVMO with CYP2C8 and CYP3A substrates increases their plasma concentrations , which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates. Avoid coadministration of RETEVMO with CYP2C8 and CYP3A substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to increased adverse reactions.
If coadministration cannot be avoided, follow recommendations for CYP2C8 and CYP3A substrates provided in their approved product labeling. Certain P-gp and BCRP Substrates RETEVMO is a P-gp and BCRP inhibitor. Concomitant use of RETEVMO with P-gp or BCRP substrates increases their plasma concentrations , which may increase the risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates.
Avoid coadministration of RETEVMO with P-gp or BCRP substrates where minimal concentration changes may lead to increased adverse reactions. If coadministration cannot be avoided, follow recommendations for P-gp and BCRP substrates provided in their approved product labeling.
Drugs that Prolong QT Interval
RETEVMO is associated with QTc interval prolongation . Monitor the QT interval with ECGs more frequently in patients who require treatment with concomitant medications known to prolong the QT interval.
Pregnancy Safety for Retevmo
Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on findings from animal studies, and its mechanism of action , RETEVMO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available data on RETEVMO use in pregnant women to inform drug-associated risk. Administration of selpercatinib to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis resulted in embryolethality and malformations at maternal exposures that were approximately equal to the human exposure at the clinical dose of 160 mg twice daily.
Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data Selpercatinib administration to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis at oral doses ≥100 mg/kg resulted in 100% post-implantation loss.
At the dose of 50 mg/kg, 6 of 8 females had 100% early resorptions; the remaining 2 females had high levels of early resorptions with only 3 viable fetuses across the 2 litters. All viable fetuses had decreased fetal body weight and malformations (2 with short tail and one with small snout and localized edema of the neck and thorax).
Pediatric Use of Retevmo
Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of RETEVMO have been established in pediatric patients aged 2 years and older for the treatment of: advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) with a RET mutation who require systemic therapy advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer with a RET gene fusion who require systemic therapy and are radioactive iodine-refractory (if radioactive iodine is appropriate) locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors with a RET gene fusion that have progressed on or following prior systemic treatment or who have no satisfactory alternative treatment options. Use of RETEVMO for these indications is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies in adult and pediatric patients with additional pharmacokinetic and safety data in pediatric patients aged 2 years and older . The predicted exposures of selpercatinib in pediatric patients at the recommended dosages were within the range of values observed in patients ≥ 12 years and ≥ 50 kg in body weight receiving the approved recommended dosage of 160 mg twice daily . The safety and effectiveness of RETEVMO have not been established in these indications in patients aged less than 2 years. The safety and effectiveness of RETEVMO have not been established in pediatric patients for other indications . Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data In a juvenile rat toxicity study, animals were dosed daily with selpercatinib from post-natal day 21 to day 70 (approximately equivalent to a human child to late adolescent). Selpercatinib increased physeal thickness of multiple bones, extending into the metaphysis and associated with decreased trabecular bone, which was not reversible at doses approximately equivalent to or greater than the adult human exposure at the clinical dose of 160 mg twice daily.
Growth plate changes were associated with impairment of bone modeling, resulting in decreased femur length and with reduction in bone mineral density. Selpercatinib also induced reversible hypocellularity of bone marrow in males at ≥30 mg/kg (approximately equivalent to or greater than the adult human exposure at the clinical dose of 160 mg twice daily), and reversible alterations of dentin composition at ≥50 mg/kg (approximately 3 times the adult human exposure at the clinical dose of 160 mg twice daily). Irreversible, dose-dependent degeneration of testicular germinal epithelium, with vacuolation of Sertoli cells and corresponding depletion of spermatozoa in the epididymides, was also observed at ≥ 30 mg/kg (approximately equivalent to or greater than the adult human exposure at the clinical dose of 160 mg twice daily) and affected male reproductive performance at 50 mg/kg (approximately 3 times the adult human exposure at the clinical dose of 160 mg twice daily). Females exhibited delay in attainment of vaginal patency, a marker of sexual maturity, at 125 mg/kg (approximately 4 times the adult human exposure at the clinical dose of 160 mg twice daily); this effect was associated with lower mean body weight. Similar effects in irregular thickening of growth plates in adult rats and minipigs, and tooth dysplasia and malocclusion, resulting in tooth loss in adult rats were observed in repeat dose studies of up to 13-week duration with selpercatinib.
Monitor growth plates in pediatric patients with open growth plates. Consider interrupting or discontinuing therapy based on the severity of any growth plate abnormalities and based on an individual risk-benefit assessment.
Clinical Studies of Retevmo
RET Fusion-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
LIBRETTO-001 The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in patients with advanced RET fusion-positive NSCLC enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort clinical trial (LIBRETTO-001, NCT03157128). The study enrolled patients with advanced or metastatic RET fusion-positive NSCLC who had progressed on platinum-based chemotherapy and patients with locally advanced (stage III who were not candidates for surgical resection or definitive chemoradiation) or metastatic NSCLC without prior systemic therapy in separate cohorts. Identification of a RET gene alteration was prospectively determined in local laboratories using next generation sequencing (NGS), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or other local testing methods. Adult patients received RETEVMO 160 mg orally twice daily until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression; patients enrolled in the dose escalation phase were permitted to adjust their dose to 160 mg twice daily.
The major efficacy outcome measures were confirmed overall response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR), as determined by a blinded independent review committee (BIRC) according to RECIST v1.1. RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC Previously Treated with Platinum Chemotherapy Efficacy was evaluated in 247 patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC previously treated with platinum chemotherapy enrolled into a cohort of LIBRETTO-001. The median age was 61 years (range: 23 to 81); 57% were female; 44% were White, 48% were Asian, 4.9% were Black or African American; and 2.8% were Hispanic/Latino. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (97%) or 2 (3%) and 97% of patients had metastatic disease. Patients received a median of 2 prior systemic therapies (range 1–15); 58% had prior anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy.
RET fusions were detected in 94% of patients using NGS (84.6% tumor samples; 9.3% blood or plasma samples), 4.0% using FISH, 1.6% using PCR and 0.4% by other local testing methods. Efficacy results for previously treated RET fusion-positive NSCLC are summarized in Table 15. Table 15: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-001 (RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC Previously Treated with Platinum Chemotherapy) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response. NE = not estimable RETEVMO (n = 247) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 61% (55%, 67%) Complete response 7.3% Partial response 54% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) 28.6 (20, NE) % with ≥ 12 months 2 63% For the 144 patients who received an anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 therapy, either sequentially or concurrently with platinum-based chemotherapy, an exploratory subgroup analysis of ORR was 63% (95% CI: 54%, 70%) and the median DOR was 28.6 months (95% CI: 14.8, NE). Among the 247 patients with previously treated RET fusion-positive NSCLC, 16 had measurable CNS metastases at baseline as assessed by BIRC. One patient received radiation therapy (RT) to the brain within 2 months prior to study entry.
Responses in intracranial lesions were observed in 14 of these 16 patients; 39% of responders had an intracranial DOR of ≥ 12 months. Treatment-naïve RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC Efficacy was evaluated in 69 patients with treatment-naïve RET fusion-positive NSCLC enrolled into a cohort of LIBRETTO-001. The median age was 63 years (range 23 to 92); 62% were female; 70% were White, 19% were Asian, and 6% were Black or African American. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (94%) or 2 (6%) and 99% of patients had metastatic disease.
RET fusions were detected in 91% of patients using NGS (60.9% tumor samples; 30.4% in blood), 7.2% using FISH and 1.4% using PCR. Efficacy results for treatment naïve RET fusion-positive NSCLC are summarized in Table 16. Table 16: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-001 (Treatment-Naïve RET Fusion-Positive NSCLC) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response. NE = not estimable RETEVMO (n =69) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 84% (73%, 92%) Complete response 5.8% Partial response 78% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) 20.2 (13, NE) % with ≥ 12 months 2 50% Among the 69 patients with treatment-naïve RET fusion-positive NSCLC, 5 had measurable CNS metastases at baseline as assessed by BIRC. Two patients received RT to the brain within 2 months prior to study entry. Responses in intracranial lesions were observed in 4 of these 5 patients; 38% of responders had an intracranial DOR of ≥ 12 months.
LIBRETTO-431 The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic, RET fusion-positive NSCLC enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, active-controlled, randomized trial (LIBRETTO-431, NCT04194944). The trial evaluated RETEVMO compared to platinum-based and pemetrexed chemotherapy with or without pembrolizumab in patients with RET fusion-positive, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with no previous systemic therapy for metastatic disease. Patients (N=261) were randomized to receive either RETEVMO (160 mg orally twice daily) in continuous 21-day cycles or pemetrexed intravenously (IV) (500 mg per square meter of body-surface area) along with the investigator’s choice of platinum therapy (carboplatin IV or cisplatin IV ) with or without pembrolizumab IV (200 mg) every 21 days. Treatment continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Crossover from the control arm to RETEVMO was permitted following disease progression. Patients were stratified according to geographic region (East Asia vs. elsewhere), brain metastases at baseline (presence vs. absence or unknown), and the investigator’s intent (before randomization) to treat the patient with or without pembrolizumab. Tumor assessments were performed every 6 weeks for two assessments, then every 9 weeks for four assessments, and then every 12 weeks thereafter.
The major efficacy outcome measure was progression-free survival (PFS) in patients intended to be treated with chemotherapy in combination with pembrolizumab and in the overall study population as determined by a blinded independent review committee (BIRC) according to RECIST v1.1. Other efficacy outcome measures included overall survival (OS) and overall response rate (ORR). A total of 212 patients were enrolled in LIBRETTO-431 with an intent to treat with pembrolizumab if randomized to the control arm (129 into RETEVMO arm and 83 into chemotherapy with pembrolizumab arm). The median age was 61.5 years (range: 31 to 84 years); 47% were male; 41% White, 55% Asian, and 0.9% Black or African American, 1.4% American Indian or Alaska Native, 1.9% were race not reported; ethnicity was not reported in 96% of patients. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (97%) or 2 (3%), 68% were never smokers, 93% of patients had metastatic disease, and 14% had measurable intracranial metastases at baseline, as determined by a neuroradiologic BIRC. RET fusions were detected in 60% of patients using NGS and 40% using PCR (89% tumor samples; 11% in blood). Efficacy results from the pre-planned interim efficacy analysis are summarized in Table 17. Table 17: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-431: RETEVMO versus Chemotherapy with Pembrolizumab 1 Based on the stratified Cox proportional hazard model, stratified by geographic location (East Asia versus elsewhere), brain metastases at baseline according to investigator (presence versus absence or unknown). 2 Based on stratified log-rank test, stratified by geographic location (East Asia versus elsewhere), brain metastases at baseline according to investigator (presence versus absence or unknown). 3 Based on observed duration of response. NE = not estimable RETEVMO (n = 129) Chemotherapy with pembrolizumab (n = 83) Progression-Free Survival Number (%) of patients with an event 49 (38%) 49 (59%) Medians in months (95% CI) 24.8 (16.9, NE)
Hazard ratio 1 (95% CI) 0.46 p-value 2 0.0002 Overall Response Rate
(95% CI) 84% 65% Complete response 7% 6% Partial response 77% 59% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) % with ≥ 12 months 3 24.2 (17.9, NE) 60% 11.5 30% Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curves of Progression-Free Survival in LIBRETTO-431: RETEVMO versus Chemotherapy with Pembrolizumab Among the 212 randomized patients, 29 had measurable CNS metastases at baseline as assessed by BIRC. Responses in intracranial lesions were observed in 14 of 17 patients treated with RETEVMO and 7 of 12 patients treated with chemotherapy with pembrolizumab. Overall survival was immature at the time of the PFS interim analysis. At the time of an updated descriptive analysis of OS (43% of prespecified OS events needed for the final analysis), a total of 49 (31%) and 26 (25%) patients died in the RETEVMO and the control arm, respectively.
The OS HR was 1.26 (95% CI: 0.78, 2.04). Overall survival may be affected by the imbalance in post-progression therapies. Of 68 control arm patients who had disease progression, 50 patients (74%) received RETEVMO at progression. Of 71 RETEVMO arm patients who had disease progression, 16 (23%) received chemotherapy and/or immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, and 44 (62%) continued receiving RETEVMO. Figure 1
RET -Mutant Medullary Thyroid Cancer
LIBRETTO-001 The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in patients with RET -mutant MTC enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort clinical trial (NCT03157128). The study enrolled patients with advanced or metastatic RET -mutant MTC who had been previously treated with cabozantinib or vandetanib (or both) and patients with advanced or metastatic RET -mutant MTC who were naïve to cabozantinib and vandetanib in separate cohorts. RET -Mutant MTC Previously Treated with Cabozantinib or Vandetanib Efficacy was evaluated in 55 patients with RET- mutant advanced MTC who had previously treated with cabozantinib or vandetanib enrolled into a cohort of LIBRETTO-001. The median age was 57 years (range: 17 to 84); 66% were male; 89% were White, 7% were Hispanic/Latino, and 1.8% were Black. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (95%) or 2 (5%) and 98% of patients had metastatic disease.
Patients received a median of 2 prior systemic therapies (range 1 – 8). RET mutation status was detected in 82% of patients using NGS (78% tumor samples; 4% blood or plasma), 16% using PCR, and 2% using an unknown test. The protocol excluded patients with synonymous, frameshift or nonsense RET mutations; the specific mutations used to identify and enroll patients are described in Table 18. Table 18: Mutations used to Identify and Enroll Patients with RET-Mutant MTC in LIBRETTO-001 1 Somatic or germline mutations; protein change. 2 Extracellular cysteine mutations involving cysteine residues 609, 611, 618, 620, 630, and 634. 3 Other included: K666N, D631_L633delinsV, D631_L633delinsE, D378_G385delinsE, D898_E901del, A883F, E632_L633del, L790F, T636_V637insCRT, D898_E901del + D903_S904delinsEP. 4 One patient also had a M918T mutation. RET Mutation Type 1 Previously Treated (n = 55) Cabozantinib/ Vandetanib Naïve (n = 88) Total (n = 143) M918T 33 49 82 Extracellular cysteine mutation 2 7 20 27 V804M or V804L 5 4 6 11 Other 3 10 13 23 Efficacy results for RET- mutant MTC are summarized in Table 19. Table 19: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-001 (RET-Mutant MTC Previously Treated with Cabozantinib or Vandetanib) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response.
NE = not estimable RETEVMO (n = 55) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 76% (63%, 87%) Complete response 18% Partial response 58% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) 45.3 (29.9, NE) % with ≥12 months 2 76% Cabozantinib and Vandetanib-naïve RET -Mutant MTC Efficacy was evaluated in 88 patients with RET- mutant MTC who were cabozantinib and vandetanib treatment-naïve enrolled into a cohort of LIBRETTO-001. The median age was 58 years (range: 15 to 82) with two patients (2.3%) aged 12 to 16 years; 66% were male; and 86% were White, 4.5% were Asian, and 2.3% were Hispanic/Latino. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (97%) or 2 (3.4%). All patients (100%) had metastatic disease and 18% had received 1 or 2 prior systemic therapies (including 8% kinase inhibitors, 4.5% chemotherapy, 2.3% anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy, and 1.1% radioactive iodine). RET mutation status was detected in 77.3% of patients using NGS (75.0% tumor samples; 2.3% blood samples), 18.2% using PCR, and 4.5% using an unknown test. The mutations used to identify and enroll patients are described in Table 18. Efficacy results for cabozantinib and vandetanib-naïve RET- mutant MTC are summarized in Table 20. Table 20: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-001 (Cabozantinib and Vandetanib-naïve RET-Mutant MTC) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response.
NR = not reached, NE = not estimable RETEVMO (n = 88) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 81% (71%, 88%) Complete response 28% Partial response 52% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) NR (51.3, NE) % with ≥12 months 2 90% LIBRETTO-531 LIBRETTO-531 was a randomized (2:1), multicenter, open-label study (NCT04211337) in adults and adolescents with advance or metastatic RET -mutant MTC. The study evaluated the efficacy of RETEVMO versus physicians’ choice of cabozantinib or vandetanib in patients with progressive, advanced, kinase inhibitor naïve, RET -mutant medullary thyroid cancer. Patients were randomized to receive either RETEVMO (160 mg twice daily) or physicians’ choice of cabozantinib (140 mg once daily) or vandetanib (300 mg once daily). Patients were stratified based on RET mutation (M918T vs. other) and intended treatment if randomized to the control arm (cabozantinib vs. vandetanib). The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS), as determined by a blinded independent review committee (BIRC) according to RECIST v1.1. The median age was 55 years (range: 12 to 84), 63% were male, 58% were White, 23% were Asian, 2.4% were Black or African American, and 17% had unknown race. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (98%) or 2 (1.0%) with 0.7% unknown status. 77% of patients had metastatic disease and 6 patients (2.1%) had received 1 prior systemic therapy.
RET mutation status was detected in 90% of patients using NGS (89% tumor samples; 8% blood or plasma), and 10% using PCR. Of patients enrolled in LIBRETTO-531, 63% had M918T RET mutations and 37% had other RET mutations. Efficacy results for LIBRETTO-531 based on the preplanned interim efficacy analysis are provided in Table 21 and Figure 2. At the time of this analysis, overall survival data were immature with 18 deaths observed (14% of pre-specified events). Table 21: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-531: RETEVMO versus Cabozantinib or Vandetanib Data from the pre-planned interim efficacy analysis. 1 Based on the stratified Cox proportional hazard model. 2 Based on stratified log-rank test. NR = Not reached; NE = not evaluable RETEVMO N = 193 Cabozantinib or Vandetanib N = 98 PFS Number (%) of patients with an event 26 (14%) 33 (34%) Median in months (95% CI) NR (NE, NE)
Hazard ratio (95% CI)1 0.280 (95% CI: 0.165, 0.475) p-value 2 <0.0001
Overall Response Rate ORR (95% CI) 69% (62%, 76%) 39% (29%, 49%) Complete response 12% 4% Partial response 58% 35% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) NR (NE, NE) 16.6 (10.4, NE) Median follow-up time (months) 11.1
Figure 2: Kaplan-Meier Curves of Progression-Free Survival in
LIBRETTO-531: RETEVMO versus Cabozantinib or Vandetanib Patient-reported overall side effect impact was evaluated weekly in 222 patients (RETEVMO N = 145; cabozantinib or vandetanib N=77) who received at least one dose of treatment by at least 6 months prior to the data cutoff date and responded to the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy item GP5 (FACT GP5). Patient-reported overall side effect impact was derived as a proportion of time on treatment with high side effect bother (defined as response of 3 “Quite a bit” or 4 “Very much”) per FACT GP5. Patient-reported overall side effect impact results for LIBRETTO-531 are provided in Table 22. Table 22. Descriptive Summary of Patient-reported Overall Side Effect Impact While on Treatment in LIBRETTO-531 RETEVMO (N=145) Cabozantinib or Vandetanib (N=77) Mean proportion of time with high side effect bother (95% CI) 8% (4.8%, 10%) 24% (17%, 31%) % Patients with high side effect bother 0% of time ≤25% of time 61% 90% 30% 66% Patient-reported overall side effect impact results were supported by a lower incidence of treatment discontinuation due to adverse reactions for RETEVMO (4.7%) compared to cabozantinib or vandetanib (27%) in patients who received at least one dose of study treatment. The median time on treatment at the data cutoff was 14.5 months in the RETEVMO arm and 8.3 months in the cabozantinib or vandetanib arm in patients who received at least one dose of study treatment. Figure 2 LIBRETTO-121 The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in pediatric and young adult patients with advanced RET -activated solid tumors enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort clinical trial (LIBRETTO-121, NCT03899792). Patients received RETEVMO 92 mg/m 2 orally twice daily until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other reason for treatment discontinuation.
Tumor assessments were performed every 8 weeks for one year, then every 12 weeks; responses were assessed according to RECIST 1.1 per BIRC. Efficacy was evaluated in 14 patients with RET -mutant MTC who were non-responsive to available therapies or had no standard systemic curative therapy available. The median age was 14 years (range 2 to 20); 64% were male; 71% were White, 14% were Black or African American; and 14% were Hispanic/Latino. Patients had metastatic (71%) or locally advanced (29%) disease; 43% had measurable disease at baseline; 21% had received prior systemic therapy.
RET -mutant status was detected in 79% of patients using NGS tumor samples and in 21% using PCR. Efficacy results for RET- mutant MTC in pediatric and young adult patients are summarized in Table 23. Table 23: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-121 (RET-Mutant MTC) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response. + Denotes ongoing response. RETEVMO (n = 14) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 57% Complete response 36% Partial response 21% Duration of Response Median in months (range) Not reached (8.3+, 49.7+) % with ≥ 18 months 2 88% % with ≥ 24 months 2 75%
RET Fusion-Positive Thyroid Cancer
LIBRETTO-001 The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in patients with advanced RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort clinical trial (LIBRETTO-001, NCT03157128). Efficacy was evaluated in 65 patients with RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer who were radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory (if RAI was an appropriate treatment option) and were systemic therapy naïve and patients who were previously treated, in separate cohorts. The median age was 59 years (range 20 to 88); 49% were male; 65% were White, 20% were Asian, 4.6% were Black or African American; and 11% were Hispanic/Latino. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (94%) or 2 (6%). All (100%) patients had metastatic disease with primary tumor histologies including papillary thyroid cancer (83%), poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (9%), anaplastic thyroid cancer (6%) and Hurthle cell thyroid cancer (1.5%). Previously treated patients had received a median of 1 prior therapy (range 1–4). RET fusion-positive status was detected in 97% of patients using NGS (89% tumor samples; 8% blood or plasma samples), and 3% using other local testing methods.
Efficacy results for RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer are summarized in Table 24. Table 24: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-001 (RET Fusion-Positive Thyroid Cancer) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response. NE = not estimable RETEVMO Previously Treated (n = 41) RETEVMO Systemic Therapy Naïve (n = 24) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 85% (71%, 94%) 96% (79%, 100%) Complete response 12% 21% Partial response 73% 75% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) 26.7 (12.1, NE) NE (42.8, NE) % with ≥12 months 2 54 65 Responses were observed in patients with each histology represented, including 3 of 4 patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (all partial responses) and 6 of 6 patients with poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (1 complete response, 5 partial responses). LIBRETTO-121 The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in pediatric and young adult patients with advanced RET -activated solid tumors enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort clinical trial (LIBRETTO-121, NCT03899792). Efficacy was evaluated in 15 patients with RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer who were non-responsive to available therapies or had no standard systemic curative therapy available. The median age was 12 years (range 6 to 20); 53% were male; 40% were White, 47% were Asian, 13% were other races; and 27% were Hispanic/Latino.
Patients had metastatic (87%) or locally advanced (13%) disease and 100% had papillary thyroid cancer histology; 47% had measurable disease at baseline; 20% had received prior systemic therapy. RET fusion-positive status was detected in 93% of patients using NGS tumor samples and in 7% using FISH. Efficacy results for RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer in pediatric and young adult patients are summarized in Table 25. Table 25: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-121 (RET Fusion-Positive Thyroid Cancer) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response. + Denotes ongoing response. RETEVMO (n = 15) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 53% Complete response 27% Partial response 27% Duration of Response Median in months (range) Not reached (12.9+, 44.2) % with ≥ 18 months 2 88% % with ≥ 24 months 2 75%
Other
RET Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors LIBRETTO-001 The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in patients with locally advanced or metastatic RET fusion-positive solid tumors enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort clinical trial (LIBRETTO-001, NCT03157128). Efficacy was evaluated in 41 patients with RET fusion-positive tumors other than NSCLC and thyroid cancer with disease progression on or following prior systemic treatment or who had no satisfactory alternative treatment options. The median age was 50 years (range 21 to 85), 54% were female, 68% were White, 24% were Asian, and 4.9% were Black; and 7% were Hispanic/Latino. ECOG performance status was 0-1 (95%) or 2 (5%) and 95% of patients had metastatic disease.
Thirty-seven patients (90%) received prior systemic therapy (median 2 ; 32% received 3 or more). The most common cancers were pancreatic adenocarcinoma (27%), colorectal (24%), salivary (10%) and unknown primary (7%). RET fusion-positive status was detected in 97.6% of patients using NGS and 2.4% using FISH. Efficacy results for RET fusion-positive solid tumors other than NSCLC and thyroid cancer are summarized in Table 26 and Table 27. Table 26: Efficacy Results in LIBRETTO-001 (Other RET Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors) 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Based on observed duration of response. NE = not estimable RETEVMO (n = 41) Overall Response Rate 1 (95% CI) 44% Complete response 4.9% Partial response 39% Duration of Response Median in months (95% CI) 24.5 (9.2, NE) % with ≥6 months 2 67% Table 27: Efficacy Results by Tumor Type in LIBRETTO-001 (Other RET Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors) + denotes ongoing response. 1 Confirmed overall response rate assessed by BIRC. 2 Best overall response for each patient is presented for tumor types with ≤2 patients. CI = confidence interval, CR = complete response, DOR = duration of response, NA = not applicable, NE = not evaluable, ORR = overall response rate, PR = partial response, SD = stable disease.
Tumor Type Patients (n = 41) ORR 1,2 DOR Range (months) n (%) 95% CI Pancreatic adenocarcinoma 11 6 (55%) 2.5, 38.3+ Colorectal 10 2 (20%) 5.6,
Salivary 4 2 (50%) 5.7, 28.8+ Unknown primary 3 1 (33%) 9.2
Breast 2 PR, CR NA 2.3+,
Sarcoma (soft tissue) 2 PR, SD NA 14.9+ Xanthogranuloma 2 NE, NE
NA NA Carcinoid (bronchial) 1 PR NA 24.1+ Carcinoma of the skin 1 NE NA NA Cholangiocarcinoma 1 PR NA 5.6+ Ovarian 1 PR NA 14.5+ Pulmonary carcinosarcoma 1 NE NA NA Rectal neuroendocrine 1 NE NA NA Small intestine 1 CR NA
LIBRETTO-121
The efficacy of RETEVMO was evaluated in pediatric and young adult patients with advanced RET- activated solid tumors enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, multi-cohort clinical trial (LIBRETTO-121, NCT03899792). Efficacy was evaluated in 3 patients with locally advanced refractory RET -fusion positive other solid tumors who were unresponsive to available therapies or had no standard systemic curative therapy available. The median age was 15 years (range 6 to 15). One patient with congenital infantile fibrosarcoma and one patient with a spindle cell sarcoma had a partial response. One patient with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor did not respond.
Responses were observed in patients with RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer.
Drug information sourced from the FDA. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional before making any medication decisions.
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