Pluvicto Drug Information
Generic name: LUTETIUM LU 177 VIPIVOTIDE TETRAXETAN
Radioligand Therapeutic Agent [EPC]
Uses of Pluvicto
Metastatic Androgen Pathway Modulation-Naïve or -Sensitive Prostate Cancer PLUVICTO is indicated in combination with androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) therapy for the treatment of adult patients with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive metastatic androgen pathway modulation-naïve or -sensitive (mAPMN/S) prostate cancer.
Metastatic Androgen Pathway Modulation-Resistant Prostate Cancer PLUVICTO is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with PSMA-positive metastatic androgen pathway modulation-resistant (mAPMR) prostate cancer who have been treated with ARPI therapy, and are considered appropriate to delay taxane-based chemotherapy, or have received prior taxane-based chemotherapy.
Dosage & Administration of Pluvicto
Important Safety Instructions PLUVICTO is a radiopharmaceutical; handle with appropriate safety measures to minimize radiation exposure. Use waterproof gloves and effective radiation shielding when handling PLUVICTO. Radiopharmaceuticals, including PLUVICTO, should be used by or under the control of healthcare providers who are qualified by specific training and experience in the safe use and handling of radiopharmaceuticals, and whose experience and training have been approved by the appropriate governmental agency authorized to license the use of radiopharmaceuticals.
Patient Selection
Select patients with metastatic prostate cancer for treatment with PLUVICTO using LOCAMETZ or another approved PSMA positron emission tomography (PET) product based on PSMA expression in tumors. Additional selection criteria were used in clinical studies.
Recommended Dosage Metastatic Androgen Pathway Modulation-Naïve or -Sensitive Prostate Cancer The recommended dosage of PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI is 7.4 GBq (200 mCi) every 6 weeks for 6 doses, or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Refer to the Prescribing Information for ARPI for recommended dosing information. Patients receiving PLUVICTO for metastatic prostate cancer should also receive a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog concurrently or should have had bilateral orchiectomy.
Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions
Recommended dosage modifications of PLUVICTO for adverse reactions are provided in Table 1. Management of adverse reactions may require temporary dose interruption, dose reduction, or permanent discontinuation of treatment with PLUVICTO. If a treatment delay due to an adverse reaction persists for > 4 weeks, consider permanent discontinuation of PLUVICTO.
The dose of PLUVICTO may be reduced by 20% to 5.9 GBq (160 mCi) once; do not re-escalate dose. If a patient has further adverse reactions that would require an additional dose reduction, treatment with PLUVICTO must be discontinued. Table 1: Recommended Dosage Modifications of PLUVICTO for Adverse Reactions Abbreviations: CLcr, creatinine clearance; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ULN, upper limit of normal.
Adverse reaction Severity Dosage modification Myelosuppression (Anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, or neutropenia) Preparation and Administration Preparation Instructions Use aseptic technique and radiation shielding when handling or administering PLUVICTO, using tongs as needed to minimize radiation exposure. Inspect the product visually under a shielded screen for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Discard the vial if particulates and/or discoloration are present.
Do not inject the PLUVICTO solution directly into any other intravenous solution. Confirm the amount of radioactivity of PLUVICTO delivered to the patient with an appropriately calibrated dose calibrator prior to and after each PLUVICTO administration. Dispose of any unused medicinal product or waste material in accordance with local and federal laws.
Administration Instructions Prior to administration, flush the intravenous catheter used exclusively for PLUVICTO administration with ≥ 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP to ensure patency and to minimize the risk of extravasation. Manage cases of extravasation as per institutional guidelines. The recommended dosage of PLUVICTO may be administered intravenously as an injection using the syringe method, as an infusion using the gravity method, or as an infusion using the peristaltic pump method.
When using the gravity or peristaltic pump method, infuse PLUVICTO directly from its original container. Use the syringe method or the peristaltic pump method when administering a reduced dose of PLUVICTO following a dosage modification for an adverse reaction. When using the gravity method for a reduced dose, adjust the PLUVICTO dose before the administration to avoid the delivery of an incorrect volume of PLUVICTO.
Intravenous Methods of Administration Instructions for the Syringe Method Withdraw an appropriate volume of PLUVICTO solution to deliver the desired radioactivity by using a disposable syringe fitted with a syringe shield and a disposable sterile needle that is 9 cm, 18 gauge (long needle). To aid the withdrawal of the solution, a filtered 2.5 cm, 20 gauge needle (short venting needle) can be used to reduce the resistance from the pressurized vial. Ensure that the short needle does not touch the PLUVICTO solution in the vial.
Administer PLUVICTO to the patient by slow intravenous push within approximately 1 to 10 minutes (either with a syringe pump or manually without a syringe pump) via an intravenous catheter that is primed with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP and that is used exclusively for PLUVICTO administration to the patient. If using a syringe pump, fit the syringe into the shielded pump and include a 3-way stopcock valve between the syringe and an intravenous catheter primed with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP and used for PLUVICTO administration to the patient. When the desired PLUVICTO radioactivity has been delivered, stop the syringe pump and then change the position of the 3-way stopcock valve to flush the syringe with 25 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP.
Restart the syringe pump. After the flush of the syringe has been completed, perform an intravenous flush of ≥ 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP through the intravenous catheter to the patient. Instructions for the Gravity Method Insert a 2.5 cm, 20 gauge needle (short needle) into the PLUVICTO vial and connect via a catheter to 500 mL 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP (used to transport the PLUVICTO solution during the infusion).
Do not allow the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP to flow into the PLUVICTO vial prior to the initiation of the PLUVICTO infusion and do not inject the PLUVICTO solution directly into the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Insert a second needle that is 9 cm, 18 gauge (long needle) into the PLUVICTO vial, ensuring that the long needle touches and is secured to the bottom of the PLUVICTO vial during the entire infusion. Connect the long needle to the patient by an intravenous catheter that is primed with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP and that is used exclusively for the PLUVICTO infusion into the patient.
Use a clamp or an infusion pump to regulate the flow of the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP via the short needle into the PLUVICTO vial (the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP entering the vial through the short needle will carry the PLUVICTO solution from the vial to the patient via the intravenous catheter connected to the long needle within approximately 30 minutes). During the infusion, ensure that the level of solution in the PLUVICTO vial remains constant. Disconnect the vial from the long needle line and clamp the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP line once the level of radioactivity is stable for at least five minutes.
Follow the infusion with an intravenous flush of ≥ 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP through the intravenous catheter to the patient. Instructions for the Peristaltic Pump Method Insert a filtered 2.5 cm, 20 gauge needle (short venting needle) into the PLUVICTO vial. Connect the long needle and a 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP to a 3-way stopcock valve via appropriate tubing.
Connect the output of the 3-way stopcock valve to tubing installed on the input side of the peristaltic pump according to manufacturer’s instructions. Prime the line by opening the 3-way stopcock valve and pumping the PLUVICTO solution through the tubing until it reaches the exit of the valve. Prime the intravenous catheter which will be connected to the patient by opening the 3-way stopcock valve to the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP and pumping the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP until it exits the end of the catheter tubing.
Connect the primed intravenous catheter to the patient and set the 3-way stopcock valve such that the PLUVICTO solution is in line with the peristaltic pump. Infuse an appropriate volume of PLUVICTO solution at approximately 25 mL/h to deliver the desired radioactivity. When the desired PLUVICTO radioactivity has been delivered, stop the peristaltic pump and then change the position of the 3-way stopcock valve so that the peristaltic pump is in line with the 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP.
Restart the peristaltic pump and infuse an intravenous flush of ≥ 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP through the intravenous catheter to the patient.
Radiation Dosimetry Dosimetry of lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan was collected in 29 patients in the VISION sub-study, in order to calculate whole body and organ radiation dosimetry. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the estimated radiation absorbed doses to different organs for adults receiving PLUVICTO are shown in Table 2. The organs with the highest radiation absorbed doses are lacrimal glands, salivary glands, large intestine (left and right colon), kidneys, and urinary bladder wall.
The maximum penetration of lutetium-177 in tissue is approximately 2 mm and the mean penetration is 0.67 mm. Table 2: Estimated Radiation Absorbed Dose a for PLUVICTO in VISION
| Abbreviations: CLcr, creatinine clearance; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ULN, upper limit of normal. Grading according to most current Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). | ||
| Adverse reaction | Severity | Dosage modification |
| Myelosuppression (Anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, or neutropenia) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] | Grade 2 | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement to Grade 1 or baseline. |
| Grade ≥ 3 | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement to Grade 1 or baseline. Reduce PLUVICTO dose by 20% to 5.9 GBq (160 mCi). | |
| Recurrent Grade ≥ 3 myelosuppression after one dose reduction | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. | |
| Renal toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] | Defined as: Confirmed serum creatinine increase (Grade ≥ 2) Confirmed CLcr < 30 mL/min; calculate using Cockcroft-Gault with actual body weight | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement. |
| Defined as: Confirmed ≥ 40% increase from baseline serum creatinine and Confirmed > 40% decrease from baseline CLcr; calculate using Cockcroft-Gault with actual body weight | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement or return to baseline. Reduce PLUVICTO dose by 20% to 5.9 GBq (160 mCi). | |
| Grade ≥ 3 renal toxicity | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. | |
| Recurrent renal toxicity after one dose reduction | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. | |
| Dry mouth [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] | Grade 2 | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement or return to baseline. Consider reducing PLUVICTO dose by 20% to 5.9 GBq (160 mCi). |
| Grade 3 | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement or return to baseline. Reduce PLUVICTO dose by 20% to 5.9 GBq (160 mCi). | |
| Recurrent Grade 3 dry mouth after one dose reduction | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. | |
| Gastrointestinal toxicity [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] | Grade ≥ 3 (not amenable to medical intervention) | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement to Grade 2 or baseline. Reduce PLUVICTO dose by 20% to 5.9 GBq (160 mCi). |
| Recurrent Grade ≥ 3 gastrointestinal toxicity after one dose reduction | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. | |
| Fatigue [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] | Grade ≥ 3 | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement to Grade 2 or baseline. |
| Electrolyte or metabolic abnormalities [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] | Grade ≥ 2 | Withhold PLUVICTO until improvement to Grade 1 or baseline. |
| Other non-hematologic toxicity [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] | Any unacceptable toxicity | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. |
| Any adverse reaction that requires treatment delay of > 4 weeks | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. | |
| Any recurrent Grade 3 or 4 or persistent and intolerable Grade 2 adverse reaction after one dose reduction | Permanently discontinue PLUVICTO. | |
| a Radiation absorbed dose estimates were derived using OLINDA v2.4 radiation dosimetry software, using measured time-activity data from patient imaging as input. Specific methods and software used for bone marrow and osteogenic cells dosimetry estimates are included below: Estimated radiation absorbed dose based on activity measured in blood samples collected from patients, and dosimetry calculations using OLINDA v2.4. Estimated radiation absorbed dose based on activity measured in patient imaging (voxelized analysis of measured activity in bone marrow regions approximately 1 cm adjacent to bone metastasis activity within the vertebrae T8-L5) from 81 individual volume of interest (VOI) collected from 28 patients, and dosimetry calculations using Hermia Voxel Dosimetry v3.1.0. | ||||||
| Absorbed dose per unit activity (Gy/GBq) N = 29 | Calculated absorbed dose for 7.4 GBq administration (Gy) | Calculated absorbed dose for 6 x 7.4 GBq (44.4 GBq cumulative activity) (Gy) | ||||
| Organ | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| Adrenals | 0.033 | 0.026 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 1.5 | 1.1 |
| Brain | 0.0069 | 0.0051 | 0.051 | 0.038 | 0.30 | 0.23 |
| Esophagus | 0.025 | 0.026 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| Eyes | 0.022 | 0.025 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.98 | 1.1 |
| Gallbladder wall | 0.028 | 0.026 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
| Heart wall | 0.17 | 0.12 | 1.3 | 0.88 | 7.8 | 5.3 |
| Kidneys | 0.42 | 0.19 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 19 | 8.4 |
| Lacrimal glands | 2.1 | 0.48 | 15 | 3.6 | 92 | 21 |
| Left colon | 0.58 | 0.14 | 4.3 | 1.0 | 26 | 6.1 |
| Liver | 0.093 | 0.050 | 0.69 | 0.37 | 4.1 | 2.2 |
| Lungs | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 4.7 | 5.0 |
| Osteogenic cells: | ||||||
| -blood-based* | 0.036 | 0.029 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
| -image-based* | 0.048 | 0.038 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 2.1 | 1.7 |
| Pancreas | 0.027 | 0.026 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Prostate | 0.027 | 0.026 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Rectum | 0.56 | 0.14 | 4.1 | 1.1 | 25 | 6.3 |
| Red marrow: | ||||||
| -blood-based* | 0.035 | 0.020 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 1.5 | 0.91 |
| -image-based* | 0.055 | 0.046 | 0.41 | 0.34 | 2.5 | 2.1 |
| Right colon | 0.32 | 0.079 | 2.4 | 0.58 | 14 | 3.5 |
| Salivary glands | 0.63 | 0.37 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 28 | 16 |
| Small intestine | 0.071 | 0.031 | 0.52 | 0.23 | 3.1 | 1.4 |
| Spleen | 0.061 | 0.028 | 0.45 | 0.21 | 2.7 | 1.2 |
| Stomach wall | 0.025 | 0.026 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| Testes | 0.023 | 0.025 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
| Thymus | 0.024 | 0.026 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
| Thyroid | 0.26 | 0.37 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 11 | 17 |
| Total body | 0.037 | 0.027 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
| Urinary bladder wall | 0.32 | 0.025 | 2.4 | 0.19 | 14 | 1.1 |
Side Effects of Pluvicto
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Metastatic Androgen Pathway Modulation-Naïve or -Sensitive Prostate Cancer PSMAddition The safety of PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI was evaluated in the PSMAddition study in patients with PSMA-positive mAPMN/S prostate cancer. Patients could have been treated with ARPI in the metastatic setting for up to 45 days prior to consent.
The median cumulative administered activity of PLUVICTO was 43.4 GBq (range, 7.1 to 47.3). Serious adverse reactions occurred in 32% of patients who received PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI. Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 2.7% of patients who received PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI, including general physical health deterioration (0.5%), respiratory failure and sudden death (0.4% each), arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, congestive heart failure, cholangiocarcinoma, COVID-19, malignant neoplasm of unknown primary site, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and subdural hemorrhage (0.2% each).
PLUVICTO was permanently discontinued due to adverse reactions in 8% of patients who received PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI. The most frequent (≥ 1%) adverse reaction leading to permanent discontinuation of PLUVICTO was anemia (1.1%). Adverse reactions leading to a dose interruption of PLUVICTO occurred in 12% of patients who received PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI.
The most frequent (≥ 1%) adverse reactions leading to a dose interruption of PLUVICTO were neutropenia (2%), leukopenia, and COVID-19 (1.2% each). Adverse reactions leading to a dose reduction of PLUVICTO occurred in 3.9% of patients who received PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI. The most frequent (≥ 1%) adverse reaction leading to a dose reduction of PLUVICTO was dry mouth (1.1%).
Table 3 and Table 4 summarize the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, in PSMAddition. Table 3: Adverse Reactions (≥ 10%) in Patients With PSMA-Positive mAPMN/S Prostate Cancer Who Received PLUVICTO in Combination With ARPI or ARPI in PSMAddition Clinically relevant adverse reactions in < 10% of patients who received PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI included abdominal pain, dizziness, acute kidney injury, dry eye, dry skin, stomatitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, vertigo, eye irritation, oral fungal infection, dysphagia, and esophagitis. Table 4: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥ 10%) That Worsened From Baseline in Patients With PSMA-Positive mAPMN/S Prostate Cancer Who Received PLUVICTO in Combination With ARPI or ARPI (Between Arm Difference of ≥ 5% All Grades) in PSMAddition Metastatic Androgen Pathway Modulation-Resistant Prostate Cancer PSMAfore The safety of PLUVICTO was evaluated in the PSMAfore study in patients with progressive, PSMA-positive mAPMR prostate cancer previously treated with ARPI therapy, for whom it was considered appropriate to delay taxane-based chemotherapy by the investigator.
The median cumulative administered activity of PLUVICTO was 42.4 GBq (range, 7.0 to 45.4). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 1.8% of patients who received PLUVICTO, including COVID-19 pneumonia, cardiac arrest, intestinal ischemia, and sepsis (0.4% each). The most frequent (≥ 1%) adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation of PLUVICTO were thrombocytopenia (1.8%) and dry mouth (1.3%).
The most frequent (≥ 1%) adverse reactions leading to a dose interruption of PLUVICTO were COVID-19 (3.1%) and anemia (1.8%). Table 5 and Table 6 summarize the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, in PSMAfore. Table 5: Adverse Reactions (≥ 10%) in Patients With PSMA-Positive mAPMR Prostate Cancer Who Received PLUVICTO or Change in ARPI in PSMAfore Clinically relevant adverse reactions in < 10% of patients who received PLUVICTO included abdominal pain, dysgeusia, peripheral edema, headache, acute kidney injury, weight decreased, dry eye, urinary tract infection, dizziness, dry skin, oral fungal infection, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pyrexia, vertigo, stomatitis, dysphagia, esophagitis, pancytopenia, and bone marrow failure.
The median duration of exposure to PLUVICTO plus BSoC was 7.8 months (range, 0.3 to 36.5). Among patients who received PLUVICTO plus BSoC, the median number of doses of PLUVICTO received was 5 (range, 1 to 6). The median cumulative administered activity of PLUVICTO was 37.5 GBq (range, 7.0 to 48.3).
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 37% of patients who received PLUVICTO plus BSoC. Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 3% of patients who received PLUVICTO plus BSoC, including sepsis ( %). PLUVICTO was permanently discontinued due to adverse reactions in 12% of patients who received PLUVICTO plus BSoC.
Adverse reactions leading to a dose interruption of PLUVICTO occurred in 16% of patients who received PLUVICTO plus BSoC. The most frequent (≥ 3%) adverse reactions leading to a dose interruption of PLUVICTO were anemia (5%) and thrombocytopenia (3.6%). Adverse reactions leading to a dose reduction of PLUVICTO occurred in 6% of patients who received PLUVICTO plus BSoC.
The most frequent (≥ 1%) adverse reactions leading to a dose reduction of PLUVICTO were thrombocytopenia (1.9%) and anemia (1.3%). Table 7 and Table 8 summarize the incidence of adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, in VISION. Table 8: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥ 10%) That Worsened From Baseline in Patients With PSMA-Positive mAPMR Prostate Cancer Who Received PLUVICTO Plus BSoC or BSoC (Between Arm Difference of ≥ 5% All Grades) in VISION
| Abbreviation: ARPI, androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. a Includes multiple similar terms. | ||||
| Adverse reactions | PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI (N = 564) | ARPI (N = 565) | ||
| All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | |
| General disorders | ||||
| Fatigue a | 51 | 1.4 | 41 | 1.8 |
| Decreased appetite | 14 | 0.9 | 7 | 0.2 |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | ||||
| Dry mouth a | 46 | 0 | 3.7 | 0 |
| Nausea | 34 | 0.2 | 9 | 0 |
| Constipation | 18 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Vomiting a | 14 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 0 |
| Diarrhea | 12 | 0.2 | 10 | 0 |
| Nervous system disorders | ||||
| Dysgeusia a | 13 | 0 | 4.1 | 0 |
| Headache | 12 | 0 | 9 | 0.4 |
| Abbreviation: ARPI, androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. a The denominator used to calculate the rate for each laboratory parameter varied from 563 to 564 based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. b The denominator used to calculate the rate for each laboratory parameter varied from 557 to 558 based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. c No Grade 4 laboratory abnormalities worsening from baseline were reported. d “All grades” column represents patients having any worsened eGFR category of < 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 and “Grade 3 or 4” column represents patients having any worsened eGFR category of < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 calculated using the CKD-EPI formula. | ||||
| Laboratory abnormalities | PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI a | ARPI b | ||
| All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | |
| Hematology | ||||
| Decreased lymphocytes | 91 | 24 | 61 | 10 |
| Decreased hemoglobin | 72 | 4.3 c | 46 | 2.5 c |
| Decreased neutrophils | 41 | 4.4 | 30 | 3 |
| Decreased platelets | 23 | 1.1 | 9 | 1.1 |
| Chemistry | ||||
| Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) d | 43 | 1.8 | 44 | 1.1 |
| Abbreviation: ARPI, androgen receptor pathway inhibitor. a Includes multiple similar terms. | ||||
| Adverse reactions | PLUVICTO (N = 227) | ARPI (N = 232) | ||
| All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | ||||
| Dry mouth a | 61 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 0 |
| Nausea | 32 | 0 | 12 | 0.4 |
| Constipation | 22 | 0.4 | 14 | 0 |
| Diarrhea | 17 | 0 | 9 | 0.4 |
| Vomiting | 11 | 0 | 4.7 | 0 |
| General disorders | ||||
| Fatigue a | 53 | 1.3 | 53 | 5 |
| Metabolism and nutrition disorders | ||||
| Decreased appetite | 22 | 0 | 19 | 0.4 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | ||||
| Arthralgia | 20 | 0 | 23 | 0.4 |
| Back pain | 14 | 1.3 | 20 | 2.6 |
| Abbreviation: ARPI, androgen receptor pathway inhibitor. a The denominator used to calculate the rate for each laboratory parameter was based on 226 patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. b The denominator used to calculate the rate for each laboratory parameter varied from 231 to 232 based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. c No Grade 4 laboratory abnormalities worsening from baseline were reported. d “All grades” column represents patients having any worsened eGFR category of < 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 and “Grade 3 or 4” column represents patients having any worsened eGFR category of < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 calculated using the CKD-EPI formula. | ||||
| Laboratory abnormalities | PLUVICTO a | ARPI b | ||
| All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | |
| Hematology | ||||
| Decreased lymphocytes | 78 | 27 | 57 | 12 |
| Decreased hemoglobin | 67 | 7 c | 50 | 7 c |
| Decreased neutrophils | 38 | 3.5 | 18 | 1.3 |
| Decreased platelets | 30 | 2.7 | 11 | 1.7 |
| Chemistry | ||||
| Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) d | 41 | 0.9 c | 42 | 3 |
| Increased alkaline phosphatase | 31 | 8 | 50 | 10 c |
| Increased magnesium | 19 | 0.9 c | 28 | 0 c |
| Decreased calcium | 18 | 0.9 | 11 | 0.9 |
| Decreased sodium | 11 | 0 c | 18 | 0 c |
| Decreased potassium | 6 | 0.9 c | 18 | 2.6 |
| Abbreviation: BSoC, best standard of care. a Includes multiple similar terms. | ||||
| Adverse reactions | PLUVICTO plus BSoC (N = 529) | BSoC (N = 205) | ||
| All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | |
| General disorders | ||||
| Fatigue a | 48 | 7 | 29 | 2.4 |
| Decreased appetite | 21 | 1.9 | 15 | 0.5 |
| Weight decreased | 11 | 0.4 | 10 | 0.5 |
| Peripheral edema a | 10 | 0.4 | 7 | 1 |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | ||||
| Dry mouth a | 39 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Nausea | 36 | 1.3 | 17 | 0.5 |
| Constipation | 20 | 1.1 | 11 | 0.5 |
| Vomiting a | 19 | 0.9 | 6 | 0.5 |
| Diarrhea | 19 | 0.8 | 2.9 | 0.5 |
| Abdominal pain a | 12 | 1.3 | 6 | 0.5 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | ||||
| Back pain | 24 | 3.6 | 15 | 3.9 |
| Arthralgia | 22 | 1.1 | 13 | 0.5 |
| Bone pain | 11 | 2.5 | 8 | 2.4 |
| Renal and urinary disorders | ||||
| Urinary tract infection a | 12 | 3.8 | 1 | 0.5 |
| Abbreviation: BSoC, best standard of care. a The denominator used to calculate the rate for each laboratory parameter varied from 506 to 529 based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. b The denominator used to calculate the rate for each laboratory parameter varied from 194 to 198 based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. c No Grade 4 laboratory abnormalities worsening from baseline were reported. d “All grades” column represents patients having any worsened eGFR category of < 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 and “Grade 3 or 4” column represents patients having any worsened eGFR category of < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 calculated using the CKD-EPI formula. | ||||
| Laboratory abnormalities | PLUVICTO plus BSoC a | BSoC b | ||
| All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | All Grades (%) | Grades 3 or 4 (%) | |
| Hematology | ||||
| Decreased lymphocytes | 85 | 47 | 51 | 18 |
| Decreased hemoglobin | 64 | 15 c | 34 | 7 c |
| Decreased platelets | 45 | 9 | 20 | 2.5 |
| Decreased neutrophils | 28 | 4.7 | 9 | 0.5 |
| Chemistry | ||||
| Decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) d | 42 | 3.4 | 31 | 2.5 |
| Decreased sodium | 34 | 0.6 c | 23 | 1 |
| Decreased calcium | 34 | 1.9 | 18 | 1.5 |
| Increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) | 29 | 1.1 | 18 | 1 c |
| Increased potassium | 24 | 0.6 | 18 | 0.5 c |
| Increased sodium | 11 | 0 c | 5 | 0 c |
Warnings & Cautions for Pluvicto
Risk From Radiation Exposure
PLUVICTO contributes to a patient’s overall long-term cumulative radiation exposure. Long-term cumulative radiation exposure is associated with an increased risk for cancer. Minimize radiation exposure to patients, medical personnel, and others during and after treatment with PLUVICTO consistent with institutional good radiation safety practices, patient treatment procedures, Nuclear Regulatory Commission patient-release guidance, and instructions to the patient for follow-up radiation protection at home.
Ensure patients increase oral fluid intake and advise patients to void as often as possible to reduce bladder radiation. Before the patient is released, inform patients about the necessary radioprotection precautions to follow to minimize radiation exposure to others. After each administration of PLUVICTO, advise patients to: Limit close contact (less than 3 feet) with others for 2 days or with children and pregnant women for 7 days.
Refrain from sexual activity for 7 days. Sleep in a separate room from others for 3 days, from children for 7 days, or from pregnant women for 15 days.
Myelosuppression PLUVICTO can cause severe and life-threatening myelosuppression, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and neutropenia. One death occurred due to bone marrow failure during long-term follow-up in a patient who received PLUVICTO. Grade ≥ 3 pancytopenia occurred in 1.1% (which includes two fatal events) of patients treated with PLUVICTO.
Two deaths (0.4%) occurred due to intracranial hemorrhage and subdural hematoma in association with thrombocytopenia, one death (0.2%) occurred due to sepsis and concurrent neutropenia, and one death (0.2%) occurred due to bone marrow failure in patients treated with PLUVICTO. Perform complete blood counts before and during treatment with PLUVICTO. Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue PLUVICTO based on the severity of myelosuppression.
Renal Toxicity PLUVICTO can cause severe renal toxicity. In the PSMAddition study, Grade 3 or 4 acute kidney injury (1.6%) occurred in patients treated with PLUVICTO. Advise patients to remain well hydrated and to urinate frequently before and after administration of PLUVICTO.
Perform kidney function laboratory tests, including serum creatinine and calculated creatinine clearance (CLcr), before and during treatment with PLUVICTO.
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
The safety and efficacy of PLUVICTO have not been established in females. Based on its mechanism of action, PLUVICTO can cause fetal harm. No animal studies using lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan have been conducted to evaluate its effect on female reproduction and embryo-fetal development; however, radioactive emissions, including those from PLUVICTO, can cause fetal harm.
Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with PLUVICTO and for 14 weeks after the last dose.
Infertility PLUVICTO may cause infertility in males
The recommended cumulative dose of 44.4 GBq of PLUVICTO results in a radiation absorbed dose to the testes within the range where PLUVICTO may cause temporary or permanent infertility.
Pregnancy Safety for Pluvicto
Pregnancy Risk Summary The safety and efficacy of PLUVICTO have not been established in females. Based on its mechanism of action, PLUVICTO can cause fetal harm. There are no available data on PLUVICTO use in pregnant females.
No animal studies using lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan have been conducted to evaluate its effect on female reproduction and embryo-fetal development; however, all radioactive emissions, including those from PLUVICTO, can cause fetal harm.
Pediatric Use of Pluvicto
Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of PLUVICTO in pediatric patients have not been established.
Overdosage Information for Pluvicto
In the event of administration of a radiation overdosage with PLUVICTO, reduce the radiation absorbed dose to the patient by increasing the elimination of the radionuclide from the body by frequent micturition or by forced diuresis and frequent bladder voiding. Estimate the effective radiation dose that was applied and treat with additional supportive care measures as clinically indicated.
Clinical Studies of Pluvicto
Metastatic Androgen Pathway Modulation-Naïve or -Sensitive Prostate Cancer PSMAddition The efficacy of PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI therapy was evaluated in PSMAddition (NCT04720157), a randomized, multicenter, open-label trial in patients with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive metastatic androgen pathway modulation-naïve or -sensitive (mAPMN/S) prostate cancer. No systemic treatment was allowed apart from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the neo-/adjuvant setting and/or up to 45 days of ADT, ARPI, or both in the metastatic setting prior to consent. Patients were required to have at least one metastatic lesion (soft tissue or bone) present by conventional imaging and at least one tumor lesion (soft tissue or bone) with gallium Ga 68 gozetotide uptake greater than in normal liver.
Patients were excluded if all present liver metastases were gallium Ga 68 gozetotide negative. Treatment with ARPI in both arms could be continued until progressive disease, change of antineoplastic therapy, unacceptable toxicity, death, or withdrawal. Patients received a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist or antagonist concurrently or had a bilateral orchiectomy.
Randomization was stratified by disease volume (high vs low, as per CHAARTED criteria), age ≥ 70 years (yes vs no), and previous or planned treatment (prostatectomy or radiation) to primary (prostate) tumor (yes vs no). The major efficacy outcome measure was radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) as determined by blinded independent central review (BICR) per Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 (PCWG3)-modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1 criteria. Overall survival (OS) was an additional efficacy outcome measure.
Seventy percent (70%) of patients had high-volume disease and 30% had low-volume disease. PSMAddition demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in rPFS by BICR for patients randomized to PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI compared to ARPI alone. The OS data were immature, and a total of 291 patients (25%) had died across both study arms.
Efficacy results for PSMAddition are presented in Table 11 and Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier Plot of Radiographic Progression-Free Survival in PSMAddition Figure 1.
Metastatic Androgen Pathway Modulation-Resistant Prostate Cancer PSMAfore for Patients Previously Treated With ARPI Therapy The efficacy of PLUVICTO was evaluated in PSMAfore (NCT04689828), a randomized (1:1), multicenter, open-label trial that evaluated PLUVICTO (N = 234) versus a change in ARPI (N = 234) in patients with progressive, PSMA-positive mAPMR prostate cancer. Randomization was stratified by setting of prior ARPI use and by symptomatology. Patients were required to have a castrate level of serum/plasma testosterone by either medical castration or prior orchiectomy at study entry.
Patients were required to have progressed only once on an ARPI (abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, darolutamide, or apalutamide). Prior taxane-based chemotherapy was only allowed in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting greater than 12 months before enrollment. Patients were considered appropriate for delay of taxane-based chemotherapy by the investigator.
Patients were required to have PSMA-positive mAPMR prostate cancer defined as having at least one tumor lesion (soft tissue or bone) with gallium Ga 68 gozetotide uptake greater than in normal liver. Patients were considered ineligible if any intraprostatic lesion or any one lesion larger than size criteria had gallium Ga 68 gozetotide uptake less than or equal to uptake in normal liver. Supportive care administered at the investigator’s discretion included bone-targeted agents; ADT; or palliative radiotherapy.
Additional efficacy outcome measures were OS and ORR. PSMAfore demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in rPFS for PLUVICTO compared to a change in ARPI. Of patients that were randomized to receive a change in ARPI, 141 patients (60%) crossed over to receive PLUVICTO after confirmation of radiographic disease progression by BICR.
Efficacy results for PSMAfore are presented in Table 12 and Figure 2. Kaplan-Meier Plot of Radiographic Progression-Free Survival in PSMAfore VISION for Patients Previously Treated With ARPI Therapy and Taxane-Based Chemotherapy The efficacy of PLUVICTO was evaluated in VISION (NCT03511664), a randomized (2:1), multicenter, open-label trial of PLUVICTO plus BSoC (N = 551) versus BSoC alone (N = 280) in patients with progressive, PSMA-positive mAPMR prostate cancer. Randomization was stratified by baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH ≤ 260 IU/L vs. > 260 IU/L), presence of liver metastases (yes vs. no), ECOG PS score (0 or 1 vs. 2), and inclusion of an ARPI as part of BSoC (yes vs. no) at the time of randomization.
Patients were required to have received at least one ARPI, and 1 or 2 prior taxane-based chemotherapy regimens. BSoC administered at the investigator’s discretion included ketoconazole; radiation therapy to localized prostate cancer targets; bone-targeted agents; ADT; ARPIs. Patients continued treatment for up to 4-6 doses, or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Patients with stable disease or partial response after 4 doses of PLUVICTO plus BSoC received up to 2 additional doses per investigator’s discretion. The major efficacy outcome measures were OS and rPFS as determined by BICR per PCWG3-modified RECIST v1.1 criteria. An additional efficacy outcome measure was ORR.
All patients had received at least one prior taxane-based chemotherapy regimen and 41% of patients received two. During the treatment period, 53% of patients in the PLUVICTO plus BSoC arm and 68% of patients in the BSoC alone arm received at least one ARPI. VISION demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in both major efficacy outcome measures of OS and rPFS by BICR with PLUVICTO plus BSoC compared to treatment with BSoC alone.
Interpretation of the magnitude of the rPFS effect was limited due to a high degree of censoring from early drop out in the control arm. Efficacy results for VISION are presented in Table 13 and Figure 3. Kaplan-Meier Plot of Overall Survival in VISION Figure 2.
Kaplan-Meier Plot of Radiographic Progression-Free Survival in PSMAfore Figure 3.
| Abbreviations: ARPI, androgen receptor pathway inhibitor; NE, Not estimable. a By BICR per PCWG3-modified RECIST v1.1 criteria. b Based on Kaplan-Meier estimate. c Hazard ratio based on the stratified Cox PH model. d Stratified log-rank test one-sided p-value. | ||
| PLUVICTO in combination with ARPI | ARPI | |
| Radiographic Progression-free Survival (rPFS) a | N = 572 | N = 572 |
| Number of events (progression or death), n (%) | 139 (24) | 172 (30) |
| Median, months (95% CI) b | NE (NE, NE) | NE (29.7, NE) |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) c | 0.72 (0.58, 0.90) | |
| P-value d | 0.002 | |
| Abbreviations: ARPI, androgen receptor pathway inhibitor; NE, Not estimable; NS, Not statistically significant. a By BICR per PCWG3-modified RECIST v1.1 criteria. b Excludes one patient in the PLUVICTO arm who was randomized after the data cut-off for the rPFS primary analysis. c Based on Kaplan-Meier estimate. d Hazard ratio based on the stratified Cox PH model. e Stratified log-rank test one-sided p-value. f Responses are based on soft tissue and bone lesion assessment. | ||
| PLUVICTO | ARPI | |
| Radiographic Progression-free Survival (rPFS) a | N = 233 b | N = 234 |
| Number of events (progression or death), n (%) | 60 (26) | 106 (45) |
| Median, months (95% CI) c | 9.3 (7, NE) | 5.6 (4, 6) |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) d | 0.41 (0.29, 0.56) | |
| P-value e | < 0.0001 | |
| Overall Survival (OS) | N = 234 | N = 234 |
| Deaths, n (%) | 142 (61) | 157 (67) |
| Median, months (95% CI) c | 24.5 (19.5, 28.9) | 23.1 (19.6, 25.5) |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) d | 0.91 (0.72, 1.14) | |
| P-value e | NS | |
| Overall Response Rate (ORR) a,f | ||
| Patients with measurable disease at baseline | N = 72 | N = 72 |
| ORR (CR + PR), n (%) (95% CI) | 35 (49) (37, 61) | 10 (14) (7, 24) |
| Complete response (CR), n (%) | 15 (21) | 2 (2.8) |
| Partial response (PR), n (%) | 20 (28) | 8 (11) |
| Abbreviations: BSoC, best standard of care. a Based on Kaplan-Meier estimate. b Hazard ratio based on the stratified Cox PH model. c Stratified log-rank test two-sided p-value. d Responses are based on soft tissue and bone lesion assessment. e By BICR per PCWG3-modified RECIST v1.1 criteria. f Stratified Wald’s Chi-square test two-sided p-value. | ||
| PLUVICTO plus BSoC | BSoC | |
| Overall Survival (OS) | N = 551 | N = 280 |
| Deaths, n (%) | 343 (62) | 187 (67) |
| Median, months (95% CI) a | 15.3 (14.2, 16.9) | 11.3 (9.8, 13.5) |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) b | 0.62 (0.52, 0.74) | |
| P-value c | < 0.001 | |
| Overall Response Rate (ORR) d,e | ||
| Patients with measurable disease at baseline | N = 184 | N = 64 |
| ORR (CR + PR), n (%) (95% CI) | 91 (49) (42, 57) | 1 (1.6) (0, 8) |
| Complete response (CR), n (%) | 17 (9) | 0 (0) |
| Partial response (PR), n (%) | 74 (40) | 1 (1.6) |
| P-value f | < 0.001 | |
Drug information sourced from the FDA. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional before making any medication decisions.
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