Cimzia Drug Information
Generic name: CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL
Tumor Necrosis Factor Blocker [EPC]
Uses of Cimzia
Crohn's Disease CIMZIA is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms of Crohn's disease and maintaining clinical response in adult patients with moderately to severely active disease who have had an inadequate response to conventional therapy.
Rheumatoid Arthritis CIMZIA is indicated for the treatment of adults with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis CIMZIA is indicated for the treatment of active polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA) in patients 2 years of age and older.
Psoriatic Arthritis CIMZIA is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA).
Ankylosing Spondylitis CIMZIA is indicated for the treatment of adults with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis CIMZIA is indicated for the treatment of adults with active non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) with objective signs of inflammation.
Plaque Psoriasis CIMZIA is indicated for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (PsO) who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy
Dosage & Administration of Cimzia
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
The recommended dose of Cimzia for patients 2 years of age and older with pJIA is based on weight as shown below. There is no dosage form for Cimzia that allows for patient self-administration for doses below 200 mg. For some patients (with body weight less than or equal to 90 kg), Cimzia 400 mg (given as 2 subcutaneous injections of 200 mg each) initially and at Weeks 2 and 4, followed by 200 mg every other week can be considered.
Preparation and Administration of Cimzia Using the Lyophilized Powder for Injection Cimzia Lyophilized powder should be prepared and administered by a health care professional. Cimzia is provided in a package that contains everything required to reconstitute and inject the drug. Step-by-step preparation and administration instructions are provided below.
Preparation and Storage If refrigerated, remove Cimzia from the refrigerator and allow the vial(s) to sit at room temperature for 30 minutes before reconstituting. Do not warm the vial in any other way. Use appropriate aseptic technique when preparing and administering Cimzia.
Reconstitute the vial(s) of Cimzia with 1 mL of Sterile Water for Injection, USP using the 20-gauge needle provided. The sterile water for injection should be directed at the vial wall rather than directly on Cimzia. Gently swirl each vial of Cimzia for about one minute without shaking, assuring that all of the powder comes in contact with the Sterile Water for Injection.
The swirling should be as gentle as possible in order to avoid creating a foaming effect. Continue swirling every 5 minutes as long as non-dissolved particles are observed. Full reconstitution may take as long as 30 minutes.
The final reconstituted solution contains 200 mg/mL and should be clear to opalescent, colorless to yellow liquid essentially free from particulates. Once reconstituted, Cimzia can be stored in the vials for up to 24 hours between F prior to injection. Do not freeze.
Administration Prior to injecting, reconstituted Cimzia should be at room temperature but do not leave reconstituted Cimzia at room temperature for more than two hours prior to administration. Withdraw the reconstituted solution into a separate syringe for each vial using a new 20-gauge needle for each vial so that each syringe contains the required volume of Cimzia. Replace the 20-gauge needle(s) on the syringes with a 23-gauge(s) for administration.
Inject the full contents of the syringe(s) subcutaneously, by pinching the skin of the thigh or abdomen. Where a 400 mg dose is required, two injections are required, therefore, separate sites should be used for each 200 mg injection.
Preparation and Administration of Cimzia Using the Prefilled Syringe After proper training in subcutaneous injection technique, a patient may self-inject with the Cimzia Prefilled Syringe if a physician determines that it is appropriate. If refrigerated, remove the prefilled syringe from the carton and let it warm to room temperature. Inspect the liquid in the prefilled syringe.
Discard the syringe if cloudy, discolored or contains particulates. Suitable sites for injection include the thigh or abdomen at least 2 inches away from the navel. Inject at least 1 inch from the previous site.
Do not inject into areas where the skin is tender, bruised, red or hard, or where there are scars or stretch marks. The needle shield inside the removable cap of the Cimzia prefilled syringe contains a derivative of natural rubber latex which may cause allergic reactions and should be handled with caution by latex-sensitive individuals.
Monitoring to Assess Safety
Before initiation of therapy with Cimzia, all patients must be evaluated for both active and inactive (latent) tuberculosis infection. The possibility of undetected latent tuberculosis should be considered in patients who have immigrated from or traveled to countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis or had close contact with a person with active tuberculosis. Appropriate screening tests (e.g. tuberculin skin test and chest x-ray) should be performed in all patients.
Concomitant Medications Cimzia may be used as monotherapy or concomitantly with non-biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The use of Cimzia in combination with biological DMARDs or other tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker therapy is not recommended.
| Weight range (2 years of age and older) | Loading dose | Maintenance dose (beginning at Week 6) |
|---|---|---|
| 10 kg (22 lbs) to less than 20 kg (44 lbs) | 100 mg at Week 0, 2 and 4 | 50 mg every 2 weeks |
| 20 kg (44 lbs) to less than 40 kg (88 lbs) | 200 mg at Week 0, 2 and 4 | 100 mg every 2 weeks |
| Greater than or equal to 40 kg (88 lbs) | 400 mg at Week 0, 2 and 4 | 200 mg every 2 weeks |
Side Effects of Cimzia
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying and controlled conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug, and may not predict the rates observed in a broader patient population in clinical practice. Adverse Reactions Most Commonly Leading to Discontinuation of Treatment in Premarketing Controlled Trials The proportion of patients with Crohn's disease who discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions in the controlled clinical studies was 8% for Cimzia and 7% for placebo. The proportion of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions in the controlled clinical studies was 5% for Cimzia and 2.5% for placebo.
The most common adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of Cimzia were tuberculosis infections (0.5%); and pyrexia, urticaria, pneumonia, and rash (0.3%). Controlled Studies with Crohn's Disease The data described below reflect exposure to Cimzia at 400 mg subcutaneous dosing in studies of patients with Crohn's disease. In controlled and uncontrolled studies, 1,564 patients received Cimzia at some dose level, of whom 1,350 patients received 400 mg Cimzia.
Approximately 55% of subjects were female, 45% were male, and 94% were Caucasian. The majority of patients in the active group were between the ages of 18 and 64. During controlled clinical studies, the proportion of patients with serious adverse reactions was 10% for Cimzia and 9% for placebo.
The most common adverse reactions (occurring in ≥ 5% of Cimzia-treated patients, and with a higher incidence compared to placebo) in controlled clinical studies with Cimzia were upper respiratory infections (e.g. nasopharyngitis, laryngitis, viral infection) in 20% of Cimzia-treated patients and 13% of placebo-treated patients, urinary tract infections (e.g. bladder infection, bacteriuria, cystitis) in 7% of Cimzia-treated patients and in 6% of placebo-treated patients, and arthralgia (6% Cimzia, 4% placebo). Other Adverse Reactions The most commonly occurring adverse reactions in controlled trials of Crohn's disease were described above. Other serious or significant adverse reactions reported in controlled and uncontrolled studies in Crohn's disease and other diseases, occurring in patients receiving Cimzia at doses of 400 mg or other doses include: Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Anemia, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, and thrombophilia.
Cardiac disorders: Angina pectoris, arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, cardiac failure, hypertensive heart disease, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, pericardial effusion, pericarditis, stroke and transient ischemic attack. Eye disorders: Optic neuritis, retinal hemorrhage, and uveitis. General disorders and administration site conditions: Bleeding and injection site reactions.
Hepatobiliary disorders: Elevated liver enzymes and hepatitis. Immune system disorders: Alopecia totalis. Psychiatric disorders: Anxiety, bipolar disorder, and suicide attempt.
Renal and urinary disorders: Nephrotic syndrome and renal failure. Reproductive system and breast disorders: Menstrual disorder. Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Dermatitis, erythema nodosum, and urticaria.
Vascular disorders: Thrombophlebitis, vasculitis. Controlled Studies with Rheumatoid Arthritis Cimzia was studied primarily in placebo-controlled trials and in long-term follow-up studies. In placebo-controlled studies, the population had a median age of 53 years at entry; approximately 80% were females, 93% were Caucasian and all patients were suffering from active rheumatoid arthritis, with a median disease duration of 6.2 years.
Most patients received the recommended dose of Cimzia or higher. Table 1 summarizes the reactions reported at a rate of at least 3% in patients treated with Cimzia 200 mg every other week compared to placebo (saline formulation), given concomitantly with methotrexate. Table 1: Adverse Reactions Reported by ≥3% of Patients Treated with Cimzia Dosed Every Other Week during Placebo-Controlled Period of Rheumatoid Arthritis Studies, with Concomitant Methotrexate. 2 3 Hypertensive adverse reactions were observed more frequently in patients receiving Cimzia than in controls.
These adverse reactions occurred more frequently among patients with a baseline history of hypertension and among patients receiving concomitant corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Patients receiving Cimzia 400 mg as monotherapy every 4 weeks in rheumatoid arthritis controlled clinical trials had similar adverse reactions to those patients receiving Cimzia 200 mg every other week. Other Adverse Reactions Other infrequent adverse reactions (occurring in less than 3% of RA patients) were similar to those seen in Crohn's disease patients.
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Clinical Study Cimzia has been studied in 193 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with active polyarthritis aged 2 years and older. In general, the safety profile for pediatric patients with JIA with active polyarthritis was similar to the safety profile seen in adult RA patients treated with Cimzia. Psoriatic Arthritis Clinical Study Cimzia has been studied in 409 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in a placebo-controlled trial.
The safety profile for patients with PsA treated with Cimzia was similar to the safety profile seen in patients with RA and previous experience with Cimzia. Ankylosing Spondylitis Clinical Study Cimzia has been studied in 325 patients with axial spondyloarthritis of whom the majority had ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in a placebo-controlled study (AS-1). The safety profile for patients in study AS-1 treated with Cimzia was similar to the safety profile seen in patients with RA.
Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis Clinical Study Cimzia has been studied in 317 patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA-1). Plaque Psoriasis Clinical Studies In clinical studies, a total of 1112 subjects with plaque psoriasis were treated with Cimzia. Placebo-Controlled Period (Week 0-16) In the placebo-controlled period of Studies PS-1, PS-2 and PS-3 in the 400 mg group, adverse events occurred in 63.5% of subjects in the Cimzia group compared to 61.8% of subjects in the placebo group.
The rates of serious adverse events were 4.7% in the Cimzia group and 4.5% in the placebo group. Table 2 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred at a rate of at least 1% and at a higher rate in the Cimzia group than in the placebo group. Of Cimzia-treated subjects who had elevation of liver enzymes, two subjects were discontinued from the trial.
Psoriasis-Related Adverse Events In controlled clinical studies in psoriasis, change of plaque psoriasis into a different psoriasis sub-types (including erythrodermic, pustular and guttate), was observed in <1% of Cimzia treated subjects. Adverse Reactions of Special Interest Across Indications Infections The incidence of infections in controlled studies in Crohn's disease was 38% for Cimzia-treated patients and 30% for placebo-treated patients. The infections consisted primarily of upper respiratory infections (20% for Cimzia, 13% for placebo).
The incidence of serious infections during the controlled clinical studies was 3% per patient-year for Cimzia-treated patients and 1% for placebo-treated patients. Serious infections observed included bacterial and viral infections, pneumonia, and pyelonephritis. The incidence of new cases of infections in controlled clinical studies in rheumatoid arthritis was 0.91 per patient-year for all Cimzia-treated patients and 0.72 per patient-year for placebo-treated patients.
The infections consisted primarily of upper respiratory tract infections, herpes infections, urinary tract infections, and lower respiratory tract infections. In the controlled rheumatoid arthritis studies, there were more new cases of serious infection adverse reactions in the Cimzia treatment groups, compared to the placebo groups (0.06 per patient-year for all Cimzia doses vs. 0.02 per patient-year for placebo). Serious infections included tuberculosis, pneumonia, cellulitis, and pyelonephritis.
In the placebo group, no serious infection occurred in more than one subject. There is no evidence of increased risk of infections with continued exposure over time. In controlled clinical studies in psoriasis, the incidence rates of infections were similar in the Cimzia and placebo groups.
The infections consisted primarily of upper respiratory tract infections and viral infections (including herpes infections). Serious adverse events of infection occurred in Cimzia-treated patients during the placebo-controlled periods of the pivotal studies (pneumonia, abdominal abscess, and hematoma infection) and Phase 2 study (urinary tract infection, gastroenteritis, and disseminated tuberculosis). In an open-label clinical study of 193 pediatric patients with JIA with active polyarthritis, there were 26 serious infections; the most frequently reported serious infection was pneumonia.
Tuberculosis and Opportunistic Infections In completed and ongoing global clinical studies in all indications including 5,118 Cimzia-treated patients, the overall rate of tuberculosis is approximately 0.61 per 100 patient-years across all indications. The majority of cases occurred in countries with high endemic rates of TB. Reports include cases of disseminated (miliary, lymphatic, and peritoneal) as well as pulmonary TB.
The median time to onset of TB for all patients exposed to Cimzia across all indications was 345 days. In the studies with Cimzia in RA, there were 36 cases of TB among 2,367 exposed patients, including some fatal cases. Rare cases of opportunistic infections have also been reported in these clinical trials.
In an open-label clinical study of 193 pediatric patients with JIA with active polyarthritis, opportunistic infections consisted of tuberculosis, liver tuberculosis, varicella, pneumonia fungal, and esophageal candidiasis. Two cases of disseminated tuberculosis (liver TB and disseminated TB) were fatal. Malignancies In clinical studies of Cimzia, the overall incidence rate of malignancies was similar for Cimzia-treated and control patients.
For some TNF blockers, more cases of malignancies have been observed among patients receiving those TNF blockers compared to control patients. Heart Failure In placebo-controlled and open-label studies, cases of new or worsening heart failure have been reported for Cimzia-treated patients. The majority of these cases were mild to moderate and occurred during the first year of exposure.
Hypersensitivity Reactions The following symptoms that could be compatible with hypersensitivity reactions have been reported rarely following Cimzia administration to patients: angioedema, allergic dermatitis, dizziness (postural), dyspnea, hot flush, hypotension, injection site reactions, malaise, pyrexia, rash, serum sickness, and (vasovagal) syncope. Autoantibodies In clinical studies in Crohn's disease, 4% of patients treated with Cimzia and 2% of patients treated with placebo that had negative baseline ANA titers developed positive titers during the studies. One of the 1,564 Crohn's disease patients treated with Cimzia developed symptoms of a lupus-like syndrome.
In clinical trials of TNF blockers, including Cimzia, in patients with RA, some patients have developed ANA. Four patients out of 2,367 patients treated with Cimzia in RA clinical studies developed clinical signs suggestive of a lupus-like syndrome. The impact of long-term treatment with Cimzia on the development of autoimmune diseases is unknown.
In a clinical study in pediatric patients with JIA with active polyarthritis, 17.1% of patients treated with Cimzia that had negative baseline ANA titers developed positive titers during the study. 1.1% of the patients developed anti-dsDNA antibodies during the study; no patients developed symptoms of a lupus-like syndrome.
Immunogenicity
The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, including those of certolizumab pegol or of other certolizumab products. Patients with Crohn's disease were tested at multiple time points for antibodies to certolizumab pegol during Studies CD1 and CD2.
In patients continuously exposed to Cimzia, the overall percentage of patients who were antibody positive to Cimzia on at least one occasion was 8%; approximately 6% were neutralizing in vitro. No apparent correlation of antibody development to adverse events or efficacy was observed. Patients treated with concomitant immunosuppressants had a lower rate of antibody development than patients not taking immunosuppressants at baseline (3% and 11%, respectively).
The following adverse events were reported in Crohn's disease patients who were antibody-positive (N = 100) at an incidence at least 3% higher compared to antibody-negative patients (N = 1,242): abdominal pain, arthralgia, edema peripheral, erythema nodosum, injection site erythema, injection site pain, pain in extremity, and upper respiratory tract infection. In two long-term (up to 7 years of exposure), open-label Crohn's disease studies, overall 23% (207/903) of patients developed antibodies against certolizumab pegol on at least one occasion. The data from these two studies do not suggest an association between the development of antibodies and adverse events.
The overall percentage of patients with antibodies to certolizumab pegol detectable on at least one occasion was 7% (105 of 1,509) in the rheumatoid arthritis placebo-controlled trials. Approximately one third (3%, 39 of 1,509) of these patients had antibodies with neutralizing activity in vitro. Patients treated with concomitant immunosuppressant therapy (MTX) in RA-I, RA-II, RA-III had a lower rate of neutralizing antibody formation overall than patients treated with Cimzia monotherapy in RA-IV (2% vs. 8%).
Antibody formation was associated with lowered drug plasma concentration and reduced efficacy. In Study RA-III, too few patients developed antibodies to allow for meaningful analysis of ACR20 response by antibody status. In Study RA-IV (monotherapy), the ACR20 response was 33% versus 56%, antibody-positive versus antibody-negative status, respectively.
No association was seen between antibody development and the development of adverse events. Of the subjects who developed antibodies to certolizumab pegol, 45% (27/60) had antibodies that were classified as neutralizing. A more sensitive and drug tolerant electrochemiluminesence (ECL)-based bridging assay was used for the first time in the nr-axSpA-1 study, resulting in a greater proportion of samples having measurable antibodies to certolizumab pegol and thus a greater incidence of patients being classed as antibody positive.
In the placebo-controlled trial in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, after up to 52 weeks of treatment, the overall incidence of patients who were antibody positive to certolizumab pegol was 97% (248/255 patients). Of these antibody positive patients, higher titers were associated with reduced certolizumab pegol plasma levels. The data above reflect the percentage of patients whose test results were considered positive for antibodies to certolizumab pegol in an ELISA or ECL-based bridging assay, and are highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay.
In a clinical study of pediatric patients with JIA with active polyarthritis, immunogenicity was evaluated using an ECL-based assay. For the patients receiving the recommended Cimzia dose, the incidence of treatment emergent-anti-certolizumab pegol antibody positivity was 92.4% for the entire treatment period.
Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of Cimzia. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to estimate reliably their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Vascular disorder: systemic vasculitis has been identified during post-approval use of TNF blockers.
Skin: case of severe skin reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, new or worsening psoriasis (all sub-types including pustular and palmoplantar), and lichenoid skin reaction have been identified during post-approval use of TNF blockers. Immune System Disorders: sarcoidosis Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (including cysts and polyps): Melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma (neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin).
| Adverse Reaction (Preferred Term) | Placebo+ MTX EOW = Every other Week, MTX = Methotrexate. (%) N =324 | Cimzia 200 mg EOW + MTX(%) N =640 |
|---|---|---|
| Upper respiratory tract infection | 2 | 6 |
| Headache | 4 | 5 |
| Hypertension | 2 | 5 |
| Nasopharyngitis | 1 | 5 |
| Back pain | 1 | 4 |
| Pyrexia | 2 | 3 |
| Pharyngitis | 1 | 3 |
| Rash | 1 | 3 |
| Acute bronchitis | 1 | 3 |
| Fatigue | 2 | 3 |
| Adverse Reactions | Cimzia 400 mg every other week n (%) N=342 | Cimzia 200 mg Subjects received 400 mg of Cimzia at Weeks 0, 2, and 4, followed by 200 mg every other week. every other week n (%) N=350 | Placebo n (%) N=157 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper respiratory tract infections Upper respiratory tract infection cluster includes upper respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis bacterial, pharyngitis streptococcal, upper respiratory tract infection bacterial, viral upper respiratory tract infection, viral pharyngitis, viral sinusitis, and nasopharyngitis. | 75 (21.9) | 68 (19.4) | 33 (21.0) |
| Headache Headache includes headache and tension headache. | 13 (3.8) | 10 (2.9) | 4 (2.5) |
| Injection site reactions Injection site reactions cluster includes injection site reaction, injection site erythema, injection site bruising, injection site discoloration, injection site pain, and injection site swelling. | 11 (3.2) | 6 (1.7) | 1 (0.6) |
| Cough | 11 (3.2) | 4 (1.1) | 3 (1.9) |
| Herpes infections Herpes infections cluster includes oral herpes, herpes dermatitis, herpes zoster, and herpes simplex. | 5 (1.5) | 5 (1.4) | 2 (1.3) |
Warnings & Cautions for Cimzia
Risk of Serious Infections
Patients treated with Cimzia are at an increased risk for developing serious infections involving various organ systems and sites that may lead to hospitalization or death. Opportunistic infections due to bacterial, mycobacterial, invasive fungal, viral, parasitic, or other opportunistic pathogens including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, legionellosis, listeriosis, pneumocystosis and tuberculosis have been reported with TNF blockers. Patients have frequently presented with disseminated rather than localized disease.
Treatment with Cimzia should not be initiated in patients with an active infection, including clinically important localized infections. Patients greater than 65 years of age, patients with co-morbid conditions, and/or patients taking concomitant immunosuppressants (e.g. corticosteroids or methotrexate) may be at a greater risk of infection. The risks and benefits of treatment should be considered prior to initiating therapy in patients: with chronic or recurrent infection who have been exposed to tuberculosis with a history of an opportunistic infection who have resided or traveled in areas of endemic tuberculosis or endemic mycoses, such as histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, or blastomycosis with underlying conditions that may predispose them to infection Tuberculosis Cases of reactivation of tuberculosis or new tuberculosis infections have been observed in patients receiving Cimzia, including patients who have previously or concomitantly received treatment for latent or active tuberculosis.
Reports included cases of pulmonary and extrapulmonary (i.e., disseminated) tuberculosis. Evaluate patients for tuberculosis risk factors and test for latent infection prior to initiating Cimzia and periodically during therapy. Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection prior to therapy with TNF-blocking agents has been shown to reduce the risk of tuberculosis reactivation during therapy.
Prior to initiating Cimzia, assess if treatment for latent tuberculosis is needed; and consider an induration of 5 mm or greater a positive tuberculin skin test result, even for patients previously vaccinated with Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Consider anti-tuberculosis therapy prior to initiation of Cimzia in patients with a past history of latent or active tuberculosis in whom an adequate course of treatment cannot be confirmed, and for patients with a negative test for latent tuberculosis but having risk factors for tuberculosis infection. Despite previous or concomitant treatment for latent tuberculosis, cases of active tuberculosis have occurred in patients treated with Cimzia.
Some patients who have been successfully treated for active tuberculosis have redeveloped tuberculosis while being treated with Cimzia. Consultation with a physician with expertise in the treatment of tuberculosis is recommended to aid in the decision of whether initiating anti-tuberculosis therapy is appropriate for an individual patient. Strongly consider tuberculosis in patients who develop a new infection during Cimzia treatment, especially in patients who have previously or recently traveled to countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, or who have had close contact with a person with active tuberculosis.
Monitoring Patients should be closely monitored for the development of signs and symptoms of infection during and after treatment with Cimzia, including the development of tuberculosis in patients who tested negative for latent tuberculosis infection prior to initiating therapy. Tests for latent tuberculosis infection may also be falsely negative while on therapy with Cimzia. Cimzia should be discontinued if a patient develops a serious infection or sepsis.
A patient who develops a new infection during treatment with Cimzia should be closely monitored, undergo a prompt and complete diagnostic workup appropriate for an immunocompromised patient, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy should be initiated. Invasive Fungal Infections For patients who reside or travel in regions where mycoses are endemic, invasive fungal infection should be suspected if they develop a serious systemic illness. Appropriate empiric antifungal therapy should be considered while a diagnostic workup is being performed.
Antigen and antibody testing for histoplasmosis may be negative in some patients with active infection. When feasible, the decision to administer empiric antifungal therapy in these patients should be made in consultation with a physician with expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of invasive fungal infections and should take into account both the risk for severe fungal infection and risks of antifungal therapy.
Malignancies In the controlled portions of clinical studies of some TNF blockers, more cases of malignancies have been observed among patients receiving TNF blockers compared to control patients. During Cimzia studies of psoriasis, malignancies (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) were observed corresponding to an incidence rate of 0.5 per 100 subject-years among a total of 995 subjects who received Cimzia. The size of the control group and limited duration of the controlled portions of the studies precludes the ability to draw firm conclusions.
Malignancies, some fatal, have been reported among children, adolescents, and young adults who received treatment with TNF-blocking agents (initiation of therapy ≤ 18 years of age), of which Cimzia is a member. Approximately half the cases were lymphomas, including Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The other cases represented a variety of different malignancies and included rare malignancies usually associated with immunosuppression and malignancies that are not usually observed in children and adolescents.
The malignancies occurred after a median of 30 months of therapy (range 1 to 84 months). Most of the patients were receiving concomitant immunosuppressants. These cases were reported post-marketing and are derived from a variety of sources including registries and spontaneous post-marketing reports.
In the controlled portions of clinical trials of all the TNF blockers, more cases of lymphoma have been observed among patients receiving TNF blockers compared to control patients. In controlled studies of Cimzia for Crohn's disease and other investigational uses, there was one case of lymphoma among 2,657 Cimzia-treated patients and one case of Hodgkin's lymphoma among 1,319 placebo-treated patients. In the Cimzia RA clinical trials (placebo-controlled and open-label) a total of three cases of lymphoma were observed among 2,367 patients.
This is approximately 2-fold higher than expected in the general population. Patients with RA, particularly those with highly active disease, are at a higher risk for the development of lymphoma. In the Cimzia PsO clinical trials (placebo-controlled and open-label) there was one case of Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Rates in clinical studies for Cimzia cannot be compared to the rates of clinical trials of other TNF blockers and may not predict the rates observed when Cimzia is used in a broader patient population. Patients with Crohn's disease that require chronic exposure to immunosuppressant therapies may be at higher risk than the general population for the development of lymphoma, even in the absence of TNF blocker therapy. The potential role of TNF blocker therapy in the development of malignancies in adults is not known.
Postmarketing cases of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL), a rare type of T-cell lymphoma that has a very aggressive disease course and is usually fatal, have been reported in patients treated with TNF blockers, including Cimzia. The majority of reported TNF blocker cases occurred in adolescent and young adult males with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Almost all of these patients had received treatment with the immunosuppressants azathioprine and/or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) concomitantly with a TNF blocker at or prior to diagnosis.
It is uncertain whether the occurrence of HSTCL is related to use of a TNF blocker or a TNF blocker in combination with these other immunosuppressants. The potential risk of using a TNF blocker in combination with azathioprine or 6-MP should be carefully considered. Cases of acute and chronic leukemia have been reported in association with post-marketing TNF-blocker use in RA and other indications.
Even in the absence of TNF-blocker therapy, patients with RA may be at a higher risk (approximately 2-fold) than the general population for the development of leukemia. Melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma have been reported in patients treated with TNF blockers, including Cimzia. Periodic skin examinations are recommended for all patients, particularly those with risk factors for skin cancer.
Heart Failure Cases of worsening congestive heart failure (CHF) and new onset CHF have been reported with TNF blockers, including Cimzia. Cimzia has not been formally studied in patients with CHF; however, in clinical studies in patients with CHF with another TNF blocker, worsening congestive heart failure (CHF) and increased mortality due to CHF were observed. Exercise caution in patients with heart failure and monitor them carefully.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
The following symptoms that could be compatible with hypersensitivity reactions have been reported rarely following Cimzia administration to patients: angioedema, anaphylaxis, dyspnea, hypotension, rash, serum sickness, and urticaria. Some of these reactions occurred after the first administration of Cimzia. If such reactions occur, discontinue further administration of Cimzia and institute appropriate therapy.
There are no data on the risks of using Cimzia in patients who have experienced a severe hypersensitivity reaction towards another TNF blocker; in these patients caution is needed. The needle shield inside the removable cap of the Cimzia prefilled syringe contains a derivative of natural rubber latex which may cause an allergic reaction in individuals sensitive to latex.
Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Use of TNF blockers, including Cimzia, has been associated with reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients who are chronic carriers of this virus. In some instances, HBV reactivation occurring in conjunction with TNF blocker therapy has been fatal. The majority of reports have occurred in patients concomitantly receiving other medications that suppress the immune system, which may also contribute to HBV reactivation.
Test patients for HBV infection before initiating treatment with Cimzia. For patients who test positive for HBV infection, consultation with a physician with expertise in the treatment of hepatitis B is recommended. Adequate data are not available on the safety or efficacy of treating patients who are carriers of HBV with anti-viral therapy in conjunction with TNF blocker therapy to prevent HBV reactivation.
Patients who are carriers of HBV and require treatment with Cimzia should be closely monitored for clinical and laboratory signs of active HBV infection throughout therapy and for several months following termination of therapy. In patients who develop HBV reactivation, discontinue Cimzia and initiate effective anti-viral therapy with appropriate supportive treatment. The safety of resuming TNF blocker therapy after HBV reactivation is controlled is not known.
Therefore, exercise caution when considering resumption of Cimzia therapy in this situation and monitor patients closely.
Neurologic Reactions Use of TNF blockers, of which Cimzia is a member, has been associated with rare cases of new onset or exacerbation of clinical symptoms and/or radiographic evidence of central nervous system demyelinating disease, including multiple sclerosis, and with peripheral demyelinating disease, including Guillain-Barré syndrome. Exercise caution in considering the use of Cimzia in patients with pre-existing or recent-onset central or peripheral nervous system demyelinating disorders. Rare cases of neurological disorders, including seizure disorder, optic neuritis, and peripheral neuropathy have been reported in patients treated with Cimzia.
Hematological Reactions
Rare reports of pancytopenia, including aplastic anemia, have been reported with TNF blockers. Adverse reactions of the hematologic system, including medically significant cytopenia (e.g., leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia) have been infrequently reported with Cimzia. The causal relationship of these events to Cimzia remains unclear.
Although no high risk group has been identified, exercise caution in patients being treated with Cimzia who have ongoing, or a history of, significant hematologic abnormalities. Advise all patients to seek immediate medical attention if they develop signs and symptoms suggestive of blood dyscrasias or infection (e.g., persistent fever, bruising, bleeding, pallor) while on Cimzia. Consider discontinuation of Cimzia therapy in patients with confirmed significant hematologic abnormalities.
Use with Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (Biological DMARDs) Serious infections were seen in clinical studies with concurrent use of anakinra (an interleukin-1 antagonist) and another TNF blocker, etanercept, with no added benefit compared to etanercept alone. A higher risk of serious infections was also observed in combination use of TNF blockers with abatacept and rituximab. Because of the nature of the adverse events seen with this combination therapy, similar toxicities may also result from the use of Cimzia in this combination.
Therefore, the use of Cimzia in combination with other biological DMARDs is not recommended.
Autoimmunity Treatment with Cimzia may result in the formation of autoantibodies and rarely, in the development of a lupus-like syndrome. If a patient develops symptoms suggestive of a lupus-like syndrome following treatment with Cimzia, discontinue treatment.
Immunizations
Avoid use of live vaccines during or immediately prior to initiation of therapy with Cimzia. Update immunizations in agreement with current immunization guidelines prior to initiating Cimzia therapy. In a placebo-controlled clinical trial of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, no difference was detected in antibody response to vaccine between Cimzia and placebo treatment groups when the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and influenza vaccine were administered concurrently with Cimzia.
Similar proportions of patients developed protective levels of anti-vaccine antibodies between Cimzia and placebo treatment groups; however patients receiving Cimzia and concomitant methotrexate had a lower humoral response compared with patients receiving Cimzia alone. The clinical significance of this is unknown.
Immunosuppression Since
TNF mediates inflammation and modulates cellular immune responses, the possibility exists for TNF blockers, including Cimzia, to affect host defenses against infections and malignancies. The impact of treatment with Cimzia on the development and course of malignancies, as well as active and/or chronic infections, is not fully understood. The safety and efficacy of Cimzia in patients with immunosuppression has not been formally evaluated.
Drug Interactions with Cimzia
Use with Anakinra, Abatacept, Rituximab, and Natalizumab
An increased risk of serious infections has been seen in clinical studies of other TNF-blocking agents used in combination with anakinra or abatacept, with no added benefit. Formal drug interaction studies have not been performed with rituximab or natalizumab. Because of the nature of the adverse events seen with these combinations with TNF blocker therapy, similar toxicities may also result from the use of CIMZIA in these combinations.
There is not enough information to assess the safety and efficacy of such combination therapy. Therefore, the use of CIMZIA in combination with anakinra, abatacept, rituximab, or natalizumab is not recommended.
Live Vaccines
Avoid use of live (including attenuated) vaccines during or immediately prior to initiation of therapy with CIMZIA.
Laboratory Tests Interference with certain coagulation assays has been detected in patients treated with CIMZIA. Certolizumab pegol may cause erroneously elevated activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assay results in patients without coagulation abnormalities. This effect has been observed with the PTT-Lupus Anticoagulant (LA) test and Standard Target Activated Partial Thromboplastin time (STA-PTT) Automate tests from Diagnostica Stago, and the HemosIL APTT-SP liquid and HemosIL lyophilized silica tests from Instrumentation Laboratories.
Other aPTT assays may be affected as well. Interference with thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays has not been observed. There is no evidence that CIMZIA therapy has an effect on in vivo coagulation.
Pregnancy Safety for Cimzia
Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to CIMZIA during pregnancy. For more information, healthcare providers or patients can contact: MotherToBaby Pregnancy Studies conducted by the Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS). The OTIS AutoImmune Diseases Study at 1-877-311-8972 or visit http://mothertobaby.org/pregnancy-studies/.
Risk Summary Limited data from an ongoing pregnancy exposure registry on use of CIMZIA in pregnant women are not sufficient to inform a risk of major birth defects or other adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, certolizumab pegol plasma concentrations obtained from two studies of CIMZIA use during the third trimester of pregnancy demonstrated that placental transfer of certolizumab pegol was negligible in most infants at birth, and low in other infants at birth (see Data ). There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with active rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn's disease.
The theoretical risks of administration of live or live-attenuated vaccines to the infants exposed in utero to CIMZIA should be weighed against the benefits of vaccinations (see Clinical Considerations ). No adverse developmental effects were observed in animal reproduction studies during which pregnant rats were administered intravenously a rodent anti-murine TNFα pegylated Fab' fragment (cTN3 PF) similar to certolizumab pegol during organogenesis at up to 2.4 times the recommended human dose of 400 mg every four weeks. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) are unknown.
All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risks of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies are respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk Published data suggest that the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn's disease is correlated with maternal disease activity and that active disease increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal loss, preterm delivery (before 37 weeks of gestation), low birth weight (less than 2500 g) and small for gestational age birth.
Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reaction Due to its inhibition of TNFα, CIMZIA administered during pregnancy could affect immune responses in the in utero -exposed newborn and infant. The clinical significance of BLQ or low levels is unknown for in utero -exposed infants. Additional data available from one exposed infant suggest that CIMZIA may be eliminated at a slower rate in infants than in adults (see Data ).
The safety of administering live or live-attenuated vaccines in exposed infants is unknown. Dosing During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period Based on a pharmacokinetic study in pregnant women with psoriasis or rheumatological diseases who were administered certolizumab pegol during pregnancy until at least 12 weeks postpartum, plasma certolizumab pegol concentrations throughout pregnancy were within the range observed in non-pregnant women with the same chronic inflammatory diseases. No dosage adjustment is required for pregnant women.
Data Human Data A limited number of pregnancies have been reported in an ongoing pregnancy exposure registry. Due to the small number of CIMZIA-exposed pregnancies with known outcomes (n=217), no meaningful comparisons between the exposed group and control groups may be conducted to determine an association with CIMZIA and major birth defects or adverse pregnancy outcomes. The last dose of CIMZIA was given on average 11 days prior to delivery (range 1 to 27 days).
Certolizumab pegol plasma concentrations were measured in samples from mothers and infants using an assay that can measure certolizumab pegol concentrations at or above 0.032 mcg/mL. Certolizumab pegol plasma concentrations measured in the mothers at delivery (range: 4.96 to 49.4 mcg/mL) were consistent with non-pregnant women's plasma concentrations in Study RA-I. Certolizumab pegol plasma concentrations were not measurable in 13 out of 15 infants at birth.
The concentration of certolizumab pegol in one infant was 0.0422 mcg/mL at birth (infant/mother plasma ratio of 0.09%). In a second infant, delivered by emergency Caesarean section, the concentration was 0.485 mcg/mL (infant/mother plasma ratio of 4.49%). At Week 4 and Week 8, all 15 infants had no measurable concentrations.
Among 16 exposed infants, one serious adverse reaction was reported in a neonate who was treated empirically with intravenous antibiotics due to an increased white blood cell count; blood cultures were negative. The certolizumab pegol plasma concentrations for this infant were not measurable at birth, Week 4, or Week 8. In another clinical study conducted in 10 pregnant women with Crohn´s disease treated with CIMZIA (400 mg every 4 weeks for every mother), certolizumab pegol concentrations were measured in maternal blood as well as in cord and infant blood at the day of birth with an assay that can measure concentrations at or above 0.41 mcg/mL.
The last dose of CIMZIA was given on average 19 days prior to delivery (range 5 to 42 days). Plasma certolizumab pegol concentrations were lower (by at least 75%) in the infants than in mothers suggesting low placental transfer of certolizumab pegol. In one infant, the plasma certolizumab pegol concentration declined from 1.02 to 0.84 mcg/mL over 4 weeks suggesting that certolizumab pegol may be eliminated at a slower rate in infants than adults.
Animal Data Because certolizumab pegol does not cross-react with mouse or rat TNFα, reproduction studies were performed in rats using a rodent anti-murine TNFα pegylated Fab' fragment (cTN3 PF) similar to certolizumab pegol. Animal reproduction studies have been performed in rats during organogenesis at intravenous doses up to 100 mg/kg (about 2.4 times the recommended human dose of 400 mg, based on the surface area) and have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to cTN3 PF.
Pediatric Use of Cimzia
Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of CIMZIA for active polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis has been established in pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. The use of CIMZIA in this age group is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of CIMZIA in adults with RA, pharmacokinetic data from adults with RA and pediatric patients with JIA with active polyarthritis, and safety data from an open-label clinical study in 193 pediatric patients 2 to < 18 years of age with JIA with active polyarthritis. The observed pre-dose (trough) concentrations are generally comparable between adults with RA and pediatric patients with JIA with active polyarthritis.
The safety and effectiveness for CIMZIA in pediatric patients less than 2 years of age with pJIA have not been established. The safety and effectiveness of CIMZIA have not been established in pediatric patients for other indications. CIMZIA was evaluated for the treatment of pediatric patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease.
The study was ended prematurely because of a high number of patient discontinuations. Due to its inhibition of TNFα, CIMZIA administered during pregnancy could affect immune responses in the in utero -exposed newborn and infant.
Contraindications for Cimzia
CIMZIA is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity reaction to certolizumab pegol or to any of the excipients. Reactions have included angioedema, anaphylaxis, serum sickness, and urticaria.
Clinical Studies of Cimzia
Crohn's Disease
The efficacy and safety of CIMZIA were assessed in two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies in patients aged 18 years and older with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease, as defined by a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) of 220 to 450 points, inclusive. CIMZIA was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 400 mg in both studies. Stable concomitant medications for Crohn's disease were permitted.
Study CD1 Study CD1 was a randomized placebo-controlled study in 662 patients with active Crohn's disease. Assessments were done at Weeks 6 and 26. Clinical response was defined as at least a 100-point reduction in CDAI score compared to baseline, and clinical remission was defined as an absolute CDAI score of 150 points or lower.
The results for Study CD1 are provided in Table 3. At Week 6, the proportion of clinical responders was statistically significantly greater for CIMZIA-treated patients compared to controls. The difference in clinical remission rates was not statistically significant at Week 6.
The difference in the proportion of patients who were in clinical response at both Weeks 6 and 26 was also statistically significant, demonstrating maintenance of clinical response. Table 3: Study CD1 – Clinical Response and Remission, Overall Study Population Study CD2 Study CD2 was a randomized treatment-withdrawal study in patients with active Crohn's disease. Non-responders at Week 6 were withdrawn from the study.
Final evaluation was based on the CDAI score at Week 26. Patients who withdrew or who received rescue therapy were considered not to be in clinical response. Three randomized responders received no study injections, and were excluded from the ITT analysis.
The results for clinical response and remission are shown in Table 4. At Week 26, a statistically significantly greater proportion of Week 6 responders were in clinical response and in clinical remission in the CIMZIA-treated group compared to the group treated with placebo. Table 4: Study CD2 - use of immunosuppressants or corticosteroids had no impact on the clinical response to CIMZIA.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
The efficacy and safety of CIMZIA were assessed in four randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies (RA-I, RA-II, RA-III, and RA-IV) in patients ≥ 18 years of age with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Patients had ≥ 9 swollen and tender joints and had active RA for at least 6 months prior to baseline. CIMZIA was administered subcutaneously in combination with MTX at stable doses of at least 10 mg weekly in Studies RA-I, RA-II, and RA-III.
CIMZIA was administered as monotherapy in Study RA-IV. Study RA-I and Study RA-II evaluated patients who had received MTX for at least 6 months prior to study medication, but had an incomplete response to MTX alone. Patients were evaluated for signs and symptoms and structural damage using the ACR20 response at Week 24 (RA-I and RA-II) and modified Total Sharp Score (mTSS) at Week 52 (RA-I).
The open-label extension follow-up study enrolled 846 patients who received 400 mg of CIMZIA every other week. Study RA-III evaluated 247 patients who had active disease despite receiving MTX for at least 6 months prior to study enrollment. Patients received 400 mg of CIMZIA every four weeks for 24 weeks without a prior loading dose.
Study RA-IV (monotherapy) evaluated 220 patients who had failed at least one DMARD use prior to receiving CIMZIA. Patients were treated with CIMZIA 400 mg or placebo every 4 weeks for 24 weeks. Patients were evaluated for signs and symptoms of active RA using the ACR20 at Week 24.
Clinical Response The percent of CIMZIA-treated patients achieving ACR20, 50, and 70 responses in Studies RA-I and RA-IV are shown in Table 5. CIMZIA-treated patients had higher ACR20, 50 and 70 response rates at 6 months compared to placebo-treated patients. The results in study RA-II (619 patients) were similar to the results in RA-I at Week 24.
The results in study RA-III (247 patients) were similar to those seen in study RA-IV. Over the one-year Study RA-I, 13% of CIMZIA-treated patients achieved a major clinical response, defined as achieving an ACR70 response over a continuous 6-month period, compared to 1% of placebo-treated patients. Table 5: ACR Responses in Studies RA-I, and RA-IV (Percent of Patients) is shown in Figure 1.
Among patients receiving CIMZIA, clinical responses were seen in some patients within one to two weeks after initiation of therapy., inhibition of progression of structural damage was assessed radiographically and expressed as the change in modified Total Sharp Score (mTSS) and its components, the Erosion Score (ES) and Joint Space Narrowing (JSN) score, at Week 52, compared to baseline. CIMZIA inhibited the progression of structural damage compared to placebo plus MTX after 12 months of treatment as shown in Table 7. In the placebo group, 52% of patients experienced no radiographic progression.
Table 7: Radiographic Changes at 6 and 12 months in In studies RA-I, RA-II, RA-III, and RA-IV, CIMZIA-treated patients achieved greater improvements from baseline than placebo-treated patients in physical function as assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire – Disability Index (HAQ-DI) at Week 24 (RA-II, RA-III and RA-IV) and at Week 52 (RA-I).
Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
The efficacy of CIMZIA in pediatric patients with pJIA is based on pharmacokinetic exposure and extrapolation of the established efficacy of CIMZIA in RA patients. The efficacy of CIMZIA was also assessed in a multi-center, open-label study NCT01550003 in 193 patients 2 to 17 years of age with JIA with active polyarthritis with an inadequate response or intolerance to at least 1 DMARD (nonbiologic or biologic). Of those, 105 received the recommended dose.
The patients had the following subtypes of JIA: polyarthritis rheumatoid factor-positive (20.0%), polyarthritis rheumatoid factor-negative . Patients could be on stable methotrexate, glucocorticoids, and/or NSAIDs. Efficacy was assessed as secondary endpoints through Week 24.
The efficacy was generally consistent with responses in patients with RA.
Psoriatic Arthritis
The efficacy and safety of CIMZIA were assessed in a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial (PsA001) in 409 patients aged 18 years and older with active psoriatic arthritis despite DMARD therapy. Patients in this study had ≥ 3 swollen and tender joints and adult-onset PsA of at least 6 months' duration as defined by the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) criteria, and increased acute phase reactants. Patients had failed one or more DMARDs.
Previous treatment with one anti-TNF biologic therapy was allowed, and 20% of patients had prior anti-TNF biologic exposure. Patients receiving concomitant NSAIDs and conventional DMARDs were 73% and 70 % respectively. Clinical Response The percentage of CIMZIA-treated patients achieving ACR20, 50 and 70 responses in study PsA001 are shown in Table 8.
The results of the components of the ACR response criteria are shown in Table 9. Patients with enthesitis at baseline were evaluated for mean improvement in Leeds Enthesitis Index (LEI). Similar results were observed for this endpoint at week 24.
Treatment with CIMZIA resulted in improvement in skin manifestations in patients with PsA. Table 8: ACR responses by visit for PsA001 is shown in Figure 2. The mTSS score was modified for psoriatic arthritis by addition of hand distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints.
Patients treated with CIMZIA 400 mg every four weeks did not demonstrate greater inhibition of radiographic progression compared with placebo-treated patients at Week 24. Physical Function Response In Study PsA001, CIMZIA-treated patients showed improvement in physical function as assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire – Disability Index (HAQ-DI) at Week 24 as compared to placebo (estimated mean change from baseline was 0.19 in the placebo group compared with 0.54 in the CIMZIA, -0.14).
Ankylosing Spondylitis
The efficacy and safety of CIMZIA were assessed in one multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (AS-1) in 325 patients ≥18 years of age with adult-onset active axial spondyloarthritis for at least 3 months. The majority of patients in the study had active AS. Patients must have been intolerant to or had an inadequate response to at least one NSAID.
Concomitant NSAIDs were received by 91% of the AS patients. The primary efficacy variable was the proportion of patients achieving an ASAS20 response at Week 12. The results of the components of the ASAS response criteria and other measures of disease activity are shown in Table 11.
Table 10: ASAS Responses in AS patients at Weeks 12 and 24 in study AS-1: Components of the ASAS response criteria and other measures of disease activity in AS patients at baseline and responses by visit for Study AS001 is shown in Figure 3. Patients must have had objective signs of inflammation indicated by C-reactive protein (CRP) levels above the upper limit of normal and/or sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), indicative of inflammatory disease, but without definitive radiographic evidence of structural damage on sacroiliac joints. Patients must have been intolerant to or had an inadequate response to at least two NSAIDs.
Utilization and dose adjustment of concomitant medications (including NSAIDs, DMARDs, corticosteroids, opioids) were permitted at any time. Patients were allowed to transition to use of open-label CIMZIA at any time at the discretion of the investigator. However, no patients transitioned before Week 12.
The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving an Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score-Major Improvement (ASDAS-MI) response at Week 52. The ASDAS is a composite weighted scoring system that assesses disease activity, including patient-reported outcomes and CRP levels. A response in ASDAS-Major Improvement (MI) is indicated by a change from baseline of ≥2.0 in the ASDAS and/or reaching the lowest possible ASDAS value.
Clinical Response In study nr-axSpA-1, at Week 52, a greater proportion of nr-axSpA patients treated with CIMZIA had ASDAS-MI response compared to patients treated with placebo. At both Weeks 12 and 52, ASAS40 responses were greater for patients treated with CIMZIA compared to patients treated with placebo (Table 12). The components of the ASDAS-MI and ASAS response criteria are shown in Table 13.
Table 12: Clinical Responses in nr-axSpA patients at Weeks 12 and 52 in study nr-axSpA-1 and ASAS response criteria and other measures of disease activity in nr-axSpA patients at baseline, and at The percentage of nr-axSpA patients achieving ASDAS-MI response by visit for study nr-axSpA-1 is shown in Figure 4. In study AS-1, at Week 12, patients with nr-axSpA treated with CIMZIA of patients treated with placebo. The ASAS 40 response in patients treated with CIMZIA.
Plaque Psoriasis
Three multicenter, randomized, double-blind studies (Study PS-1, Study PS-2, and Study PS-3 ) enrolled subjects 18 years of age or older with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who were eligible for systemic therapy or phototherapy. Subjects had a Physician Global Assessment (PGA) of ≥ 3 ("moderate") on a 5-category scale of overall disease severity, a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score ≥ 12, and body surface area (BSA) involvement of ≥ 10%. Studies PS-1 and PS-2 assessed the co-primary endpoints of the proportion of patients who achieved a PASI 75 and PGA of "clear" or "almost clear" with at least a 2-point improvement at Week 16.
Other evaluated outcomes were PASI 90 at Week 16 and maintenance of efficacy to Week 48. Study PS-3 assessed the proportion of patients who achieved a PASI 75 at Week 12 as the primary endpoint. Of the 850 subjects randomized to receive placebo or CIMZIA in these placebo-controlled studies, 29% of patients were naïve to prior systemic therapy for the treatment of psoriasis, 47% had received prior phototherapy or chemophototherapy, and 30% had received prior biologic therapy for the treatment of psoriasis.
Of the 850 subjects, 14% had received at least one TNF alpha agent and 16% had received an anti-IL agent. Eighteen percent of subjects reported a history of psoriatic arthritis at baseline. Across all studies and treatment groups, the mean PASI score at baseline was 20 and ranged from 12 to 69.
The baseline PGA score ranged from moderate Table 15 presents the efficacy results of PS-1, PS-2, and PS-3 at Week 16. Table 15: Efficacy Results at Week 16 in Adults with Plaque Psoriasis in PS-1, PS-2, and PS-3 Examination of age, sex, prior use of biologics, and prior use of systemic therapies did not identify difference in response to CIMZIA among these subgroups. Based on a post-hoc subgroup analysis in subjects with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, stratified by ≤90 kg or >90 kg, subjects with both lower body weight and lower disease severity may achieve an acceptable response with CIMZIA 200 mg.
In PS-3 study, subjects who achieved a PASI 75 response at Week 16 were re-randomized to either continue treatment with CIMZIA or be withdrawn from therapy (i.e., receive placebo).
| Timepoint | % Response or Remission (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Placebo (N = 328) | CIMZIA 400 mg (N = 331) | |
| Week 6 | ||
| Clinical Response Clinical response is defined as decrease in CDAI of at least 100 points, and clinical remission is defined as CDAI ≤ 150 points | 27% (22%, 32%) | 35% (30%, 40%) p-value < 0.05 logistic regression test |
| Clinical Remission | 17% (13%, 22%) | 22% (17%, 26%) |
| Week 26 | ||
| Clinical Response | 27% (22%, 31%) | 37% (32%, 42%) |
| Clinical Remission | 18% (14%, 22%) | 29% (25%, 34%) |
| Both Weeks 6 & 26 | ||
| Clinical Response | 16% (12%, 20%) | 23% (18%, 28%) |
| Clinical Remission | 10% (7%, 13%) | 14% (11%, 18%) |
| % Response or Remission (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| CIMZIA 400 mg ×3 + Placebo N = 210 | CIMZIA 400 mg N = 215 | |
| Week 26 | ||
| Clinical Response Clinical response is defined as decrease in CDAI of at least 100 points, and clinical remission is defined as CDAI ≤ 150 points | 36% (30%, 43%) | 63% (56%, 69%) p < 0.05 |
| Clinical Remission | 29% (22%, 35%) | 48% (41%, 55%) |
| Study RA-I Methotrexate Combination (24 and 52 weeks) | Study RA-IV Monotherapy (24 weeks) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Response | Placebo + MTX | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 200 mg + MTX q 2 weeks | CIMZIA 200 mg + MTX - Placebo + MTX | Placebo | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 4 weeks not preceded by a loading dose regimen 400 mg q 4 weeks | CIMZIA 400 mg - Placebo |
| N=199 | N=393 | (95% CI) 95% Confidence Intervals constructed using the large sample approximation to the Normal Distribution. | N=109 | N=111 | (95% CI) | |
| ACR20 | ||||||
| Week 24 | 14% | 59% | 45% (38%, 52%) | 9% | 46% | 36% (25%, 47%) |
| Week 52 | 13% | 53% | 40% (33%, 47%) | N/A | N/A | |
| ACR50 | ||||||
| Week 24 | 8% | 37% | 30% (24%, 36%) | 4% | 23% | 19% (10%, 28%) |
| Week 52 | 8% | 38% | 30% (24%, 37%) | N/A | N/A | |
| ACR70 | ||||||
| Week 24 | 3% | 21% | 18% (14%, 23%) | 0% | 6% | 6% (1%, 10%) |
| Week 52 | 4% | 21% | 18% (13%, 22%) | N/A | N/A | |
| Major Clinical Response Major clinical response is defined as achieving ACR70 response over a continuous 6-month period | 1% | 13% | 12% (8%, 15%) | |||
| Study RA-I | Study RA-IV | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter For Study RA-I, median is presented. For Study RA-IV, mean (SD) is presented except for CRP which presents geometric mean | Placebo + MTX N=199 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 200 mg + MTX q 2 weeks N=393 | Placebo N=109 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 4 weeks not preceded by a loading dose regimen 400 mg q 4 weeks Monotherapy N=111 | ||||
| Baseline | Week 24 | Baseline | Week 24 | Baseline | Week 24 | Baseline | Week 24 | |
| Number of tender joints (0-68) | 28 | 27 | 29 | 9 | 28 (12.5) | 24 (15.4) | 30 (13.7) | 16 (15.8) |
| Number of swollen joints (0-66) | 20 | 19 | 20 | 4 | 20 (9.3) | 16 (12.5) | 21 (10.1) | 12 (11.2) |
| Physician global assessment Study RA-I - Visual Analog Scale: 0 = best, 100 = worst. Study RA-IV - Five Point Scale: 1 = best, 5 = worst | 66 | 56 | 65 | 25 | 4 (0.6) | 3 (1.0) | 4 (0.7) | 3 (1.1) |
| Patient global assessment | 67 | 60 | 64 | 32 | 3 (0.8) | 3 (1.0) | 3 (0.8) | 3 (1.0) |
| Pain Patient Assessment of Arthritis Pain. Visual Analog Scale: 0 = best, 100 = worst | 65 | 60 | 65 | 32 | 55 (20.8) | 60 (26.7) | 58 (21.9) | 39 (29.6) |
| Disability index (HAQ) Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index; 0 = best, 3 = worst, measures the patient's ability to perform the following: dress/groom, arise, eat, walk, reach, grip, maintain hygiene, and maintain daily activity All values are last observation carried forward. | 1.75 | 1.63 | 1.75 | 1.00 | 1.55 (0.65) | 1.62 (0.68) | 1.43 (0.63) | 1.04 (0.74) |
| CRP (mg/L) | 16.0 | 14.0 | 16.0 | 4.0 | 11.3 | 13.5 | 11.6 | 6.4 |
| Placebo + MTX N=199 Mean (SD) | CIMZIA 200 mg + MTX N=393 Mean (SD) | CIMZIA 200 mg + MTX – Placebo + MTX Mean Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| An ANCOVA was fitted to the ranked change from baseline for each measure with region and treatment as factors and rank baseline as a covariate. | |||
| mTSS | |||
| Baseline | 40 (45) | 38 (49) | -- |
| Week 24 | 1.3 (3.8) | 0.2 (3.2) | -1.1 |
| Week 52 | 2.8 (7.8) | 0.4 (5.7) | -2.4 |
| Erosion Score | |||
| Baseline | 14 (21) | 15 (24) | -- |
| Week 24 | 0.7 (2.1) | 0.0 (1.5) | -0.7 |
| Week 52 | 1.5 (4.3) | 0.1 (2.5) | -1.4 |
| JSN Score | |||
| Baseline | 25 (27) | 24 (28) | -- |
| Week 24 | 0.7 (2.4) | 0.2 (2.5) | -0.5 |
| Week 52 | 1.4 (5.0) | 0.4 (4.2) | -1.0 |
| Response Results are from the randomized set. Non-responder Imputation (NRI) is used for patients who escaped therapy or had missing data. | Placebo | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 200 mg Q2W | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 4 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 400 mg Q4W |
|---|---|---|---|
| N=136 | N=138 | N=135 | |
| ACR20 | |||
| Week 12 | 24% | 58% | 52% |
| Week 24 | 24% | 64% | 56% |
| ACR50 | |||
| Week 12 | 11% | 36% | 33% |
| Week 24 | 13% | 44% | 40% |
| ACR70 | |||
| Week 12 | 3% | 25% | 13% |
| Week 24 | 4% | 28% | 24% |
| Parameter | Placebo Results are from the entire placebo group N=136 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 200 mg Q2W N=138 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 4 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 400 mg Q4W N=135 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Week 12 | Baseline | Week 12 | Baseline | Week 12 | |
| All values presented represent the mean | ||||||
| Results are from the randomized set (either with imputation or observed case) | ||||||
| Number of tender joints (0-68) Last Observation Carried Forward is used for missing data, early withdrawals or placebo escape | 20 | 17 | 22 | 11 | 20 | 11 |
| Number of swollen joints (0-66) | 10 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 11 | 5 |
| Physician global assessment, Patient and Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity, VAS 0=best 100= worst | 59 | 44 | 57 | 25 | 58 | 29 |
| Patient global assessment, | 57 | 50 | 60 | 33 | 60 | 40 |
| Pain, The Patient Assessment of Arthritis Pain, VAS 0=no pain and 100= most severe pain | 60 | 50 | 60 | 33 | 61 | 39 |
| Disability index (HAQ), The HAQ-DI, 4 point scale 0=without difficulty and 3=unable to do | 1.30 | 1.15 | 1.33 | 0.87 | 1.29 | 0.90 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 18.56 | 14.75 | 15.36 | 5.67 | 13.71 | 6.34 |
| Parameters | Placebo N=57 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 200 mg every 2 weeks N=65 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 4 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 400 mg every 4 weeks N=56 |
|---|---|---|---|
| All percents reflect the proportion of patients who responded in the full analysis set | |||
| ASAS20 | |||
| Week 12 | 37% | 57% | 64% |
| Week 24 | 33% | 68% | 70% |
| ASAS40 | |||
| Week 12 | 19% | 40% | 50% |
| Week 24 | 16% | 48% | 59% |
| Placebo N=57 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 200 mg every 2 weeks N=65 | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 4 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 400 mg every 4 weeks N=56 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Week 12 | Baseline | Week 12 | Baseline | Week 12 | |
| All values presented represent the mean in the full analysis set | ||||||
| ASAS20 response criteria | ||||||
| -Patient Global Assessment (0-10) | 6.9 | 5.6 | 7.3 | 4.2 | 6.8 | 3.8 |
| -Total spinal pain (0-10) | 7.3 | 5.8 | 7.0 | 4.3 | 6.9 | 4.0 |
| -BASFI (0-10) BASFI is Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index | 6.0 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 3.8 | 5.7 | 3.8 |
| -Inflammation (0-10) | 6.7 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 3.8 | 6.4 | 3.4 |
| BASDAI (0-10) BASDAI is Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index | 6.4 | 5.4 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 6.2 | 3.7 |
| BASMI BASMI is Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 3.9 |
| Parameters | Placebo | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2, and 4 All percents reflect the proportion of patients who were responders and remained in the study and on randomized treatment in the full analysis set. Patients who initiated open-label CIMZIA, or discontinued randomized treatment and remained in the study, or were missing Week 52 visit data were imputed as non-responders. 200 mg every 2 weeks | CIMZIA 200 mg versus Placebo Odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| N=158 | N=159 | ||
| ASDAS-MI | |||
| Week 52 | 7% | 47% | 15.2 (7.3, 31.6) |
| ASAS-40 | |||
| Week 12 | 11% | 48% | 7.4 (4.1, 13.4) |
| Week 52 | 16% | 57% | 7.4 (4.3, 12.6) |
| Placebo | CIMZIA CIMZIA administered every 2 weeks preceded by a loading dose of 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2, and 4 200 mg every 2 weeks | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=158 | N=159 | |||
| Baseline (SD) | Week 12 (SD) | Baseline (SD) | Week 12 (SD) | |
| Mean and standard deviation in parenthesis were presented based on full analysis set. | ||||
| Total Spinal Pain (0-10) | 6.9 (1.8) | 6.0 (2.3) | 7.0 (1.9) | 3.9 (2.6) |
| Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity (0-10) | 6.7 (2.0) | 5.9 (2.4) | 6.8 (1.9) | 3.8 (2.6) |
| C-Reactive Protein (mg/L) | 15.8 (17.7) | 13.2 (17.2) | 15.8 (17.8) | 6.7 (15.1) |
| BASDAI (0-10) (BASDAI is Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index | 6.8 (1.3) | 5.7 (2.1) | 6.9 (1.4) | 3.9 (2.2) |
| - Back Pain | 7.4 (1.3) | 6.2 (2.1) | 7.4 (1.4) | 4.1 (2.5) |
| - Peripheral pain and swelling (0-10) | 6.2 (2.2) | 5.3 (2.5) | 6.3 (2.3) | 3.7 (2.4) |
| - Inflammation The average of BASDAI question 5 and 6 concerning morning stiffness intensity and duration. | 6.7 (1.8) | 5.5 (2.4) | 6.9 (1.8) | 3.6 (2.4) |
| BASFI (0-10) BASFI is Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index | 5.4 (2.2) | 4.9 (2.4) | 5.4 (2.1) | 3.2 (2.3) |
| BASMI BASMI is Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index | 2.8 (1.4) | 2.7 (1.4) | 3.0 (1.3) | 2.6 (1.4) |
| Study PS-1 | Study PS-2 | Study PS-3 The primary endpoint in PS-3 was PASI 75 at Week 12. | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo (N=51) | CIMZIA 200mg Subjects received 400 mg of CIMZIA at Weeks 0, 2, and 4, followed by 200 mg every other week. Q2W (N=95) | CIMZIA 400mg Q2W (N=88) | Placebo (N=49) | CIMZIA 200mg Q2W (N=91) | CIMZIA 400mg Q2W (N=87) | Placebo (N=57) | CIMZIA 200mg Q2W (N=165) | CIMZIA 400mg Q2W (N=167) | |
| PGA of 0 or 1 The co-primary efficacy endpoints at Week 16 in PS-1 and PS-2., PGA score of 0 (clear) or 1 (almost clear). | 4% | 45% | 55% | 3% | 61% | 65% | 4% | 52% | 62% |
| PASI 75 | 7% | 65% | 75% | 13% | 81% | 82% | 4% | 69% | 75% |
| PASI 90 | 0% | 36% | 44% | 5% | 50% | 52% | 0% | 40% | 49% |
Drug information sourced from the FDA. This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional before making any medication decisions.
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