Cabometyx Drug Information

Important Dosage Information and Recommended Evaluation and Testing Before Initiating CABOMETYX Do not substitute CABOMETYX tablets with cabozantinib capsules. Stop treatment with CABOMETYX 3 weeks prior to scheduled surgery, including dental surgery to reduce the risk of hemorrhage. Do not administer CABOMETYX for at least 2 weeks after major surgery and until adequate wound healing.

Recommended Dosage Administer CABOMETYX on an empty stomach. Administer at least 1 hour before or at least 2 hours after eating. Swallow CABOMETYX tablets whole.

Do not crush, chew, or split CABOMETYX tablets. Do not take a missed dose within 12 hours of the next dose. Modify the CABOMETYX dose for patients taking drugs known to moderately or strongly induce CYP3A4 or strongly inhibit CYP3A4 and for patients with moderate hepatic impairment.

The recommended dosages of CABOMETYX are presented in Table 1. Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome The following table represents dosage modifications for the drug administered in combination that are different from those described above for CABOMETYX or in the Full Prescribing Information: Table 4. Resume the dose that was used prior to initiating the strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducer 2 to 3 days after discontinuation of the inducer.

Clinical Trial Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The data described in the WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS section and below reflect exposure to CABOMETYX as a single agent at 60 mg orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity in 409 patients with RCC enrolled in a randomized, active-controlled trial (CABOSUN, METEOR), 467 patients with HCC enrolled in a randomized, placebo- controlled trial (CELESTIAL), 125 patients with DTC enrolled in a randomized, placebo- controlled trial (COSMIC-311), 195 patients with pNET or epNET enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (CABINET), and at 40 mg CABOMETYX in combination with nivolumab 240 mg/m 2 every 2 weeks, in 320 patients with RCC enrolled in a randomized, active- controlled trial (CHECKMATE-9ER). Renal Cell Carcinoma METEOR The safety of CABOMETYX was evaluated in METEOR, a randomized, open-label trial in which 331 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma received CABOMETYX 60 mg once daily and 322 patients received everolimus 10 mg once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Patients on both arms who had disease progression could continue treatment at the discretion of the investigator. Adverse reactions which occurred in ≥ 25% of CABOMETYX-treated patients, in order of decreasing frequency, were: diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, decreased appetite, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE), hypertension, vomiting, weight decreased, and constipation. Grade 3-4 adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities which occurred in ≥ 5% of patients were hypertension, diarrhea, fatigue, PPE, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, lymphopenia, anemia, hypokalemia, and increased GGT.

The dose was reduced in 60% of patients receiving CABOMETYX and in 24% of patients receiving everolimus. Twenty percent (20%) of patients received CABOMETYX 20 mg once daily as their lowest dose. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to dose reduction in patients treated with CABOMETYX were: diarrhea, PPE, fatigue, and hypertension.

Adverse reactions leading to dose interruption occurred in 70% patients receiving CABOMETYX and in 59% patients receiving everolimus. Adverse reactions led to study treatment discontinuation in 10% of patients receiving CABOMETYX and in 10% of patients receiving everolimus. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation in patients treated with CABOMETYX were decreased appetite (2%) and fatigue (1%).

Table 5. Table 6. Laboratory Abnormalities Occurring in ≥ 25% Patients Who Received CABOMETYX in METEOR CABOSUN The safety of CABOMETYX was evaluated in CABOSUN, a randomized, open-label trial in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, in which 78 patients received CABOMETYX 60 mg once daily and 72 patients received sunitinib 50 mg once daily (4 weeks on treatment followed by 2 weeks off), until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Within 30 days of treatment, there were 4 deaths in patients treated with CABOMETYX and 6 deaths in patients treated with sunitinib. All Grade 3-4 adverse reactions were collected in the entire safety population. The most frequent Grade 3-4 adverse reactions (≥5%) in patients treated with CABOMETYX were hypertension, diarrhea, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, PPE, fatigue, increased ALT, decreased appetite, stomatitis, pain, hypotension, and syncope.

The median average daily dose was 50.3 mg for CABOMETYX and 44.7 mg for sunitinib (excluding scheduled sunitinib non-dosing days). The dose was reduced in 46% of patients receiving CABOMETYX and in 35% of patients receiving sunitinib. The dose was held in 73% of patients receiving CABOMETYX and in 71% of patients receiving sunitinib.

Based on patient disposition, 21% of patients receiving CABOMETYX and 22% of patients receiving sunitinib discontinued due to an adverse reaction. Table 7. Grade 3-4 Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 1% Patients Who Received CABOMETYX in CABOSUN 3 1 CHECKMATE-9ER The safety of CABOMETYX with nivolumab was evaluated in CHECKMATE-9ER, a randomized, open-label study in patients with previously untreated advanced RCC.

CABOMETYX could be interrupted or reduced to 20 mg daily or 20 mg every other day. The median duration of treatment was 14 months (range: 0.2 to 27 months) in CABOMETYX and nivolumab-treated patients. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 48% of patients receiving CABOMETYX and nivolumab.

The most frequent (≥2%) serious adverse reactions were diarrhea, pneumonia, pneumonitis, pulmonary embolism, urinary tract infection, and hyponatremia. Fatal intestinal perforations occurred in 3 (0.9%) patients. Adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of either CABOMETYX or nivolumab occurred in 20% of patients: 8% CABOMETYX only, 7% nivolumab only, and 6% both drugs due to the same adverse reaction at the same time.

Adverse reactions leading to dose interruption or reduction of either CABOMETYX or nivolumab occurred in 83% of patients: 46% CABOMETYX only, 3% nivolumab only, and 21% both drugs due to the same adverse reaction at the same time, and 6% both drugs sequentially. The most common adverse reactions reported in ≥20% of patients treated with CABOMETYX and nivolumab were diarrhea, fatigue, hepatotoxicity, PPE, stomatitis, rash, hypertension, hypothyroidism, musculoskeletal pain, decreased appetite, nausea, dysgeusia, abdominal pain, cough, and upper respiratory tract infection. Table 8.

Table 9. Laboratory Values Worsening from Baseline Each test incidence is based on the number of patients who had both baseline and at least one on-study laboratory measurement available: CABOMETYX and nivolumab group range: Hepatocellular Carcinoma The safety of CABOMETYX was evaluated in CELESTIAL, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 704 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma were randomized to receive CABOMETYX 60 mg orally once daily (n=467) or placebo (n=237) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The population exposed to CABOMETYX was 81% male, 56% White, and had a median age of 64 years.

Grade 3-4 adverse reactions which occurred in ≥5% of patients were PPE, hypertension, fatigue, diarrhea, asthenia, and decreased appetite. There were 6 adverse reactions leading to death in patients receiving CABOMETYX (hepatic failure, hepatorenal syndrome, esophagobronchial fistula, portal vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage). The median average daily dose was 35.8 mg for CABOMETYX.

The dose was reduced in 62% of patients receiving CABOMETYX; 33% of patients required a reduction to 20 mg daily. The most frequent adverse reactions or laboratory abnormalities leading to dose reduction of CABOMETYX were: PPE, diarrhea, fatigue, hypertension, and increased AST. Adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation of CABOMETYX occurred in 16% of patients.

Table 10. Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 5% of CABOMETYX-Treated Patients in CELESTIAL Includes terms with a between-arm difference of ≥ 5% (all grades) or ≥ 2%. Laboratory Abnormalities Occurring in ≥5% of CABOMETYX-Treated Patients in CELESTIAL Includes laboratory abnormalities with a between-arm difference of ≥5% (all grades) or Differentiated Thyroid Cancer The safety of CABOMETYX was evaluated in COSMIC-311, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 187 patients with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer were randomized to receive CABOMETYX 60 mg orally once daily (n=125) or placebo (n=62) with supportive care until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Adverse reactions occurring in ≥25% of CABOMETYX-treated patients, in order of decreasing frequency were: diarrhea, PPE, fatigue, hypertension, and stomatitis. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 34% of patients who received CABOMETYX. Serious adverse reactions in ≥2% included diarrhea, pleural effusion, pulmonary embolism and dyspnea.

Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 1.6% of patients in the CABOMETYX arm, including arterial hemorrhage (0.8%) and pulmonary embolism (0.8%). The median average daily dose was 42.0 mg for CABOMETYX. The dose was reduced in 56% of patients receiving CABOMETYX; 22% of patients required a second dose reduction.

The most frequent adverse reactions (≥5%) leading to dose reduction of CABOMETYX were PPE, diarrhea, fatigue, proteinuria, and decreased appetite. Dose interruptions occurred in 72% patients receiving CABOMETYX. Adverse reactions requiring dosage interruption in ≥5% of patients were PPE, diarrhea, dyspnea, hypertension, decreased appetite and proteinuria.

Table 12. Laboratory Abnormalities Occurring in ≥10% of CABOMETYX-Treated Patients in COSMIC-311 Includes laboratory abnormalities that are more frequent in the CABOMETYX arm and have a between-arm difference of ≥5% (all grades) or Neuroendocrine Tumors Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (pNET) The safety of CABOMETYX was evaluated in adult patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors in the CABINET trial. Patients received CABOMETYX 60 mg (n=63) or placebo orally (n=31) once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Patients with pNET were required to have disease progression after prior treatment with at least one FDA approved therapy (everolimus, sunitinib or lutetium Lu 177 dotatate), other than somatostatin analogs. Serious adverse reactions in ≥2% of patients included thromboembolic events ( %). Permanent discontinuation of CABOMETYX due to an adverse reaction occurred in 19% of patients.

Adverse reactions which resulted in permanent discontinuation of CABOMETYX included thromboembolic events, acute kidney injury, rash, dyspnea, fistulas, hemorrhage, cardiac arrest, musculoskeletal pain, COVID-19 infection, Cushing’s syndrome, pneumonia, proteinuria, and myocardial infarction. The median average daily dose was 41.4 mg for CABOMETYX. Dosage interruptions of CABOMETYX due to an adverse reaction occurred in 83% of patients.

Adverse reactions which required dosage interruption in ≥5% of patients included rash, diarrhea, fatigue, thromboembolic events, nausea, hypertension, increased ALT, blood bilirubin increased, musculoskeletal pain, stomatitis, vomiting, and increased AST. Dose reductions of CABOMETYX due to an adverse reaction occurred in 49% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dose reductions in ≥5% of patients included rash, fatigue, hypertension, and stomatitis.

The most common adverse reactions occurring in ≥20% of CABOMETYX-treated patients were fatigue, increased AST, increased ALT, hypertension, diarrhea, rash, stomatitis, musculoskeletal pain, hyperglycemia, nausea, platelet count decreased, dysgeusia, neutrophil count decreased, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, hemoglobin decreased, dizziness, hypophosphatemia, hypothyroidism, vomiting, increased ALP, and lymphocyte count decreased. Table 14 summarizes the adverse reactions in patients with pNET in CABINET. Table 14.

Adverse Reactions (≥15%) in Patients with pNET Who Received CABOMETYX in CABINET 0 Clinically relevant adverse reactions in <15% of patients who received CABOMETYX included peripheral neuropathy, hemorrhage, cardiac arrhythmia, hypotension, alopecia, and hair color changes. Table 15 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in patients with pNET in CABINET. Patients received CABOMETYX 60 mg (n=132) or placebo (n=67) orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Serious adverse reactions in ≥2% included hypertension (6%), abdominal pain (5%), musculoskeletal pain (5%), diarrhea % of patients who received CABOMETYX, including hepatic failure, multi-organ dysfunction, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, cardiac arrest, ruptured ascending aortic aneurysm, and sudden death not otherwise specified, occurring in one patient each. Adverse reactions which resulted in permanent discontinuation of CABOMETYX included diarrhea, fatigue, increased AST, increased ALT, blood bilirubin increased, rash, thromboembolic events, hypertension, increased ALP, nausea, and stomatitis. Table 16 summarizes the adverse reactions in patients with epNET in CABINET.

Table 16. Table 17 summarizes the laboratory abnormalities in patients with epNET in CABINET. Table 17: Select Laboratory Abnormalities (≥10%) Reported as Adverse Reactions in Patients with epNET Who Received CABOMETYX in CABINET

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of CABOMETYX. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Vascular Disorders: Arterial (including aortic) aneurysms, dissections, and rupture

Effects of Other Drugs on CABOMETYX Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors Coadministration of a cabozantinib capsule formulation with a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor increased the exposure of cabozantinib, which may increase the risk of exposure-related adverse reactions. Avoid coadministration of CABOMETYX with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors. Reduce the dosage of CABOMETYX if coadministration with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors cannot be avoided.

Avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice which may also increase exposure of cabozantinib. Strong or Moderate CYP3A Inducers Coadministration of a cabozantinib capsule formulation with a strong CYP3A4 inducer decreased the exposure of cabozantinib, which may reduce efficacy. Avoid coadministration of CABOMETYX with strong or moderate CYP3A4 inducers.

Avoid St. John’s wort which may also decrease exposure of cabozantinib.

Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on findings from animal studies and its mechanism of action, CABOMETYX can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available data in pregnant women to inform the drug-associated risk. In animal developmental and reproductive toxicology studies administration of cabozantinib to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis resulted in embryofetal lethality and structural anomalies at exposures that were below those occurring clinically at the recommended dose (see Data ).

Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Data Animal Data In an embryo-fetal development study in pregnant rats, daily oral administration of cabozantinib throughout organogenesis caused increased embryo-fetal lethality compared to controls at a dose of 0.03 mg/kg (approximately 0.12-fold of human area under the curve at the recommended dose).

Findings included delayed ossification and skeletal variations at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.04-fold of human AUC at the recommended dose). In pregnant rabbits, daily oral administration of cabozantinib throughout organogenesis resulted in findings of visceral malformations and variations including reduced spleen size and missing lung lobe at 3 mg/kg (approximately 1.1-fold of the human AUC at the recommended dose). In a pre- and postnatal study in rats, cabozantinib was administered orally from gestation day 10 through postnatal day 20.

Cabozantinib did not produce adverse maternal toxicity or affect pregnancy, parturition or lactation of female rats, and did not affect the survival, growth or postnatal development of the offspring at doses up to 0.3 mg/kg/day (0.05-fold of the maximum recommended clinical dose).

Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of CABOMETYX for the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have been established in pediatric patients aged 12 years and older. Use of CABOMETYX in pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with DTC and NETs is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of CABOMETYX in adults with additional population pharmacokinetic data demonstrating that cabozantinib exposure is within the same range between adults and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older at the recommended dosages. Physeal widening has been observed in children with open growth plates when treated with CABOMETYX.

Based on the limited available data of the effects of CABOMETYX on longitudinal growth, physeal and longitudinal growth monitoring is recommended in children with open growth plates. The safety and effectiveness of CABOMETYX in pediatric patients less than 12 years of age have not been established. Mortalities occurred at doses ≥1 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.16 times the clinical dose of 60 mg/day based on body surface area).

Hypoactivity was observed at both doses tested on Postnatal Day 22. Targets were generally similar to those seen in adult animals, occurred at both doses, and included the kidney (nephropathy, glomerulonephritis), reproductive organs, gastrointestinal tract (cystic dilatation and hyperplasia in Brunner’s gland and inflammation of duodenum; and epithelial hyperplasia of colon and cecum), bone marrow (hypocellularity and lymphoid depletion), and liver. Tooth abnormalities and whitening as well as effects on bones including reduced bone mineral content and density, physeal hypertrophy, and decreased cortical bone also occurred at all dose levels.

Recovery was not assessed at a dose of 2 mg/kg (approximately 0.32 times the clinical dose of 60 mg based on body surface area) due to high levels of mortality. At the low dose level, effects on bone parameters were partially resolved but effects on the kidney and epididymis/testis persisted after treatment ceased.

One case of overdosage was reported following administration of another formulation of cabozantinib; a patient inadvertently took twice the intended dose for 9 days. The extent of recovery was not documented.