Aggrastat Drug Information

AGGRASTAT® is indicated to reduce the rate of thrombotic cardiovascular events (combined endpoint of death, myocardial infarction, or refractory ischemia/repeat cardiac procedure) in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

Dose Adjustment for Renal Impairment

The recommended dosage in patients with CrCl ≤60 mL/min (calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault equation with actual body weight) is 25 mcg/kg intravenously within 5 minutes and then 0.075 mcg/kg/min, for up to 18 hours. The recommended infusion rate for patients with CrCl ≤ 60 mL/min using the 100 mL premixed vial, 100 mL premixed bag or 250 mL premixed bag can be calculated using the following equation: equation-5

Clinical Trial Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. In the PRISM (Platelet Receptor Inhibition for Ischemic Syndrome Management), PRISM-PLUS (Platelet Receptor Inhibition for Ischemic Syndrome Management — Patients Limited by Unstable Signs and Symptoms) and RESTORE (Randomized Efficacy Study of Tirofiban for Outcomes and Restenosis) trials, 1946 patients received AGGRASTAT in combination with heparin and 2002 patients received AGGRASTAT alone for about 3 days. Forty-three percent of the population was >65 years of age and approximately 30% of patients were female.

In clinical studies with the recommended regimen (25 mcg/kg bolus followed by a 0.15 mcg/kg/min maintenance infusion), AGGRASTAT was administered in combination with aspirin, clopidogrel and heparin or bivalirudin to over 8000 patients for typically ≤24 hours. Bleeding PRISM-PLUS Regimen The incidences of major and minor bleeding using the TIMI criteria in the PRISM-PLUS study are shown below. Table 2 TIMI Major and The incidence rates of TIMI major bleeding in patients undergoing percutaneous procedures in PRISM-PLUS are shown below.

Table 3 TIMI Major Bleeding Associated with Percutaneous Procedures in PRISM-PLUS The incidence rates of TIMI major bleeding in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in PRISM-PLUS within one day of discontinuation of AGGRASTAT were 17% on AGGRASTAT plus heparin (N=29) and 35% on heparin alone (N=31). Recommended (“High-Dose Bolus”) Regimen Rates of major bleeds (including any intracranial, intraocular or retroperitoneal hemorrhage, clinically overt signs of hemorrhage associated with a drop in hemoglobin of >3 g/dL or any drop in hemoglobin by 4 g/dL, bleeding requiring transfusion of ≥ 2 U blood products, bleeding directly resulting in death within 7 days or hemodynamic compromise requiring intervention) were consistent with the rates observed in subjects administered the PRISM-PLUS regimen of AGGRASTAT. There was a trend toward greater bleeding in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with fibrinolytics prior to administration of AGGRASTAT using the recommended regimen during rescue PCI.

Non-Bleeding The incidences of non-bleeding adverse events that occurred at an incidence of >1% and numerically higher than control, regardless of drug relationship, are shown below: Table 4 Non-bleeding Adverse Reactions in PRISM-PLUS 2 1 Thrombocytopenia Patients treated with AGGRASTAT plus heparin, were more likely to experience decreases in platelet counts than were those on heparin alone. These decreases were reversible upon discontinuation of AGGRASTAT. The percentage of patients with a decrease of platelets to <90,000/mm 3 was 1.5%, compared with 0.6% in the patients who received heparin alone.

Post-Marketing Experience

The following additional adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of AGGRASTAT. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to the drug exposure. Hypersensitivity: Severe allergic reactions including anaphylactic reactions have occurred during the first day of AGGRASTAT infusion, during initial treatment, and during readministration of AGGRASTAT.

Some cases have been associated with severe thrombocytopenia (platelet counts <10,000/mm 3 ). No information is available on the formation of antibodies to tirofiban.

Concomitant use of fibrinolytics, anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs increases the risk of bleeding. Coadministration of fibrinolytics, anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, increases the risk of bleeding.

Pregnancy Risk Summary While published data cannot definitively establish the absence of risk, available published case reports have not established an association with tirofiban use during pregnancy and major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Untreated myocardial infarction can be fatal to the pregnant woman and fetus (see Clinical Considerations). Studies with tirofiban HCl at intravenous doses up to 5 mg/kg/day (about 5 and 13 times the maximum recommended daily human dose for rat and rabbit, respectively, when compared on a body surface area basis) have revealed no harm to the fetus.

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2–4% and 15–20%, respectively.

Data Animal Data There was no evidence of maternal or developmental toxicity in any of the studies in Table 5. Table 5 Developmental Toxicity Studies Type of Study Species Dose/Exposure 5 mg/kg/day is ~5 and 13 times the maximum recommended daily human dose for rat and rabbit, respectively, when compared on a body surface area basis.

Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.

AGGRASTAT is contraindicated in patients with: Severe hypersensitivity reaction to AGGRASTAT (i.e., anaphylactic reactions). A history of thrombocytopenia following prior exposure to AGGRASTAT. Active internal bleeding or a history of bleeding diathesis, major surgical procedure or severe physical trauma within the previous month.

Known hypersensitivity to any component of AGGRASTAT. History of thrombocytopenia with prior exposure to AGGRASTAT.

In clinical trials, inadvertent overdosage with AGGRASTAT occurred in doses up to 2 times the recommended dose for initial infusion doses. Inadvertent overdosage occurred in doses up to 9.8 times the 0.15 mcg/kg/min maintenance infusion rate. The most frequently reported manifestation of overdosage was bleeding, primarily minor mucocutaneous bleeding events and minor bleeding at the sites of cardiac catheterization.

Overdosage of AGGRASTAT should be treated by assessment of the patient’s clinical condition and cessation or adjustment of the drug infusion as appropriate. AGGRASTAT can be removed by hemodialysis.