Xerava Drug Information

Recommended Adult Dosage

The recommended dose regimen of XERAVA is 1 mg/kg every 12 hours. Administer intravenous infusions of XERAVA over approximately 60 minutes every 12 hours. The recommended duration of treatment with XERAVA for cIAI is 4 to 14 days.

No dosage adjustment is warranted in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment (Child Pugh A and Child Pugh B).

Dosage Modifications in Patients with Concomitant Use of a Strong Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Isoenzyme 3A Inducer With concomitant use of a strong CYP3A inducer, administer XERAVA 1.5 mg/kg every 12 hours for a total duration of 4 to 14 days. No dosage adjustment is warranted in patients with concomitant use of a weak or moderate CYP3A inducer.

Preparation and Administration XERAVA is for intravenous infusion only. Each vial is for a single dose only. Preparation XERAVA is supplied as a sterile yellow to orange dry powder in a single-dose vial that must be reconstituted and further diluted prior to intravenous infusion as outlined below.

XERAVA does not contain preservatives. Aseptic technique must be used for reconstitution and dilution as follows: Calculate the dose of XERAVA based on the patient weight (1 mg/kg actual body weight). Prepare the required dose for intravenous infusion by reconstituting the appropriate number of vials needed.

XERAVA 100 mg vial will deliver 100 mg (20 mg/mL) of eravacycline (free base equivalents). Swirl the vial gently until the powder has dissolved entirely. Avoid shaking or rapid movement as it may cause foaming.

The reconstituted XERAVA solution should be a clear, pale yellow to orange solution. Do not use the solution if you notice any particles or the solution is cloudy. Reconstituted solution is not for direct injection.

The stability of the solution after reconstitution in the vial has been demonstrated for 1 hour at room temperature (not to exceed 25°C/77°F). If the reconstituted solution in the vial is not diluted in the infusion bag within 1 hour, the reconstituted vial content must be discarded. The reconstituted XERAVA solution is further diluted for intravenous infusion to a target concentration of 0.3 mg/mL, in a 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP infusion bag before intravenous infusion.

To dilute the reconstituted solution, withdraw the full or partial reconstituted vial content from each vial and add it into the infusion bag to generate an infusion solution with a target concentration of 0.3 mg/mL (within a range of 0.2 to 0.6 mg/mL). Do not shake the bag. The diluted solutions must be infused within 12 hours if stored at room temperature (not to exceed 25°C/77°F) or within 8 days if stored refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F).

Reconstituted XERAVA solutions and diluted XERAVA infusion solutions should not be frozen. Visually inspect the diluted XERAVA solution for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration (the XERAVA infusion solution for administration is clear and ranges from light yellow to orange). Discard unused portions of the reconstituted and diluted solution.

Administration of the Intravenous Infusion The diluted XERAVA solution is administered as an intravenous infusion over approximately 60 minutes. XERAVA may be administered intravenously through a dedicated line or through a Y-site. If the same intravenous line is used for sequential infusion of several drugs, the line should be flushed before and after infusion of XERAVA with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP.

Drug Compatibilities XERAVA is compatible with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. The compatibility of XERAVA with other drugs and infusion solutions has not been established. XERAVA should not be mixed with other drugs or added to solutions containing other drugs.

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The Phase 3 trials included 520 patients treated with XERAVA and 517 patients treated with comparator antibacterial drugs (ertapenem or meropenem). Patients treated with XERAVA were predominantly male (57%) and Caucasian (98%).

Among the trials, 66 (13%) of patients had baseline moderate hepatic impairment (Child Pugh B); patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child Pugh C) were excluded from the trials. The most commonly reported adverse reactions leading to discontinuation of XERAVA were related to gastrointestinal disorders. Most Common Adverse Reactions Adverse reactions occurring at 3% or greater in patients receiving XERAVA were infusion site reactions, nausea, and vomiting.

Table 1 lists adverse reactions occurring in ≥ 1% of patients receiving XERAVA and with incidences greater than the comparator in the Phase 3 cIAI clinical trials. A similar adverse reaction profile was observed in the Phase 2 cIAI clinical trial (Trial 3). Table 1: Selected Adverse Reactions Reported in ≥ 1% of Patients Receiving XERAVA in the Phase 3 cIAI Trials (Trial 1 and Trial 2) of XERAVA The following selected adverse reactions were reported in XERAVA-treated patients at a rate of less than 1% in the Phase 3 trials: Cardiac disorders: palpitations Gastrointestinal System: acute pancreatitis, pancreatic necrosis General Disorders and Administrative Site Conditions: chest pain Immune system disorders: hypersensitivity Laboratory Investigations: increased amylase, increased lipase, increased alanine aminotransferase, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, decreased renal clearance of creatinine, increased gamma-glutamyltransferase, decreased white blood cell count, neutropenia Metabolism and nutrition disorders: hypocalcemia Nervous System: dizziness, dysgeusia Psychiatric disorders: anxiety, insomnia, depression Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal System: pleural effusion, dyspnea Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rash, hyperhidrosis

Effect of Other Drugs on XERAVA Strong CYP3A Inducers

Concomitant use of strong CYP3A inducers decreases the exposure of eravacycline, which may reduce the efficacy of XERAVA. Increase XERAVA dose in patients with concomitant use of a strong CYP3A inducer.

Effect of XERAVA on other Drugs Anticoagulant Drugs

Because tetracyclines have been shown to depress plasma prothrombin activity, patients who are on anticoagulant therapy may require downward adjustment of their anticoagulant dosage.

Pregnancy Risk Summary XERAVA, like other tetracycline-class antibacterial drugs, may cause discoloration of deciduous teeth and reversible inhibition of bone growth when administered during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. The limited available data with XERAVA use in pregnant women are insufficient to inform drug‑associated risk of major birth defects and miscarriages. Animal studies indicate that eravacycline crosses the placenta and is found in fetal plasma; doses greater than approximately 3- and 2.8- times the clinical exposure, based on AUC in rats and rabbits, respectively, administered during the period of organogenesis, were associated with decreased ossification, decreased fetal body weight, and/or increased post-implantation loss (see Data ).

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is respectively.

Data Animal Data Embryo-fetal development studies in rats and rabbits reported no treatment-related effects at approximately 3 and 2.8 times the clinical exposure (based on AUC). Dosing was during the period of organogenesis, i.e., gestation days 7-17 in rats and gestation days 7-19 in rabbits. Higher doses, approximately 8.6 and 6.3 times the clinical exposure (based on AUC) in rats and rabbits, respectively, were associated with fetal effects including increased post-implantation loss, reduced fetal body weights, and delays in skeletal ossification in both species, and abortion in the rabbit.

A peri-natal and post-natal rat toxicity study demonstrated that eravacycline crosses the placenta and is found in fetal plasma following intravenous administration to the dams. This study did not demonstrate anatomical malformations, but there were early decreases in pup weight that were later comparable to controls and a non-significant trend toward increased stillbirths or dead pups during lactation. F1 males from dams treated with 10 mg/kg/day eravacycline that continued to fertility testing had decreased testis and epididymis weights at approximately post-natal day 111 that may have been at least partially related to lower body weights in this group.

Tetracyclines cross the placenta, are found in fetal tissues, and can have toxic effects on the developing fetus (often related to retardation of skeletal development). Evidence of embryotoxicity also has been noted in animals treated early in pregnancy.

Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of XERAVA in pediatric patients have not been established. Due to the adverse effects of the tetracycline-class of drugs, including XERAVA on tooth development and bone growth, use of XERAVA in pediatric patients less than 8 years of age is not recommended.

XERAVA is contraindicated for use in patients with known hypersensitivity to eravacycline, tetracycline-class antibacterial drugs, or to any of the excipients.

No reports of overdose were reported in clinical trials. In the case of suspected overdose, XERAVA should be discontinued and the patient monitored for adverse reactions. Hemodialysis is not expected to remove significant quantities of XERAVA.