Emblaveo Drug Information

Recommended Dosage in Adults with Estimated Creatinine Clearance L ess than or E qual to 50 mL/min Table 2 shows the recommended dosage to be administered by intravenous (IV) infusion over 3 hours in adults with estimated creatinine clearance (CLcr) less than or equal to 50 mL/min. In patients with renal impairment, close monitoring of estimated CLcr is advised. In some patients, the CLcr estimated from serum creatinine can change quickly, especially early in the course of treatment for the infection.

Table 2. Recommended dosage for adults with estimated CLcr less than or equal to 50 mL/min 2. 3 Preparation of EMBLAVEO Solution for Administration EMBLAVEO is supplied as a lyophilized powder, which must be reconstituted and subsequently diluted, using aseptic technique prior to intravenous infusion. Prepare the reconstituted and diluted solutions of EMBLAVEO using the steps described below.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. a Reconstitute the powder in the EMBLAVEO vial with 10 mL of Sterile Water for Injection. b Mix the reconstituted vial gently and ensure that the contents are dissolved completely. The reconstituted EMBLAVEO solution is not for direct injection. The reconstituted solution must be diluted before intravenous infusion.

The reconstituted EMBLAVEO solution will have an approximate aztreonam concentration of 127 mg/mL and an approximate avibactam concentration of 42.3 mg/mL. The final volume is approximately 12 mL. c Prepare the required dose for intravenous infusion by withdrawing the appropriate volume determined from Table 3 from the reconstituted vial. Discard unused portion.

Table 3. Preparation of EMBLAVEO Doses for Intravenous Infusion d Before infusion, dilute the withdrawn volume of the reconstituted EMBLAVEO solution further to 50 mL to 250 mL in an infusion bag containing any of the following: 0.9 % sodium chloride for injection or 5% dextrose solution for injection or lactated Ringer’s injection, to achieve an aztreonam concentration of 2.7 mg/mL to 40 mg/mL and an avibactam concentration of 0.9 mg/mL to 13.3 mg/mL. e Mix gently and ensure that the contents are dissolved completely. Visually inspect the diluted EMBLAVEO solution for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration (the color of the EMBLAVEO infusion solution for administration ranges from clear, colorless to yellow).

Drug Compatibility The EMBLAVEO solution for administration is compatible with Sterile Water for Injection, for reconstitution and any of the following diluents for further dilution of the reconstituted solution: 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 5% Dextrose injection Lactated Ringer’s injection The compatibility of EMBLAVEO with other medicinal products has not been established. EMBLAVEO should not be mixed with or physically added to solutions containing other medicinal products. 2. 5 Storage of Rec onstituted and Diluted EMBLAVEO Solutions Reconstituted Solution Upon reconstitution with Sterile Water for Injection, the reconstituted EMBLAVEO solution may be held for up to 60 minutes at 30°C (86°F) under ambient light prior to transfer and dilution in a suitable infusion bag. Diluted Reconstituted Solution Following dilution of the reconstituted solution with 0.9% sodium chloride injection or 5 % dextrose injection or lactated Ringer’s injection, EMBLAVEO solution in the infusion bags may be stored based on conditions outlined in Table 4.

Table 4.

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Clinical Trials Experience in Adult Patients Three clinical trials, Trial 1, Trial 2, and Trial 3, underly the EMBLAVEO clinical development program. Trial 1 was a randomized, comparative trial conducted in patients with cIAI and hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) (not an approved indication for EMBLAVEO), while Trials 2 and 3 were smaller, noncomparative trials conducted in patients with cIAI as well as other serious infections caused by gram negative pathogens expressing metallo-beta-lactamases.

The safety data from Trial 1 are summarized below. In Trial 1, EMBLAVEO was evaluated in a comparative clinical trial in patients with cIAI or HABP/VABP; note that EMBLAVEO is not approved for the treatment of HABP/VABP. Patients randomized to EMBLAVEO received a loading dose of aztreonam and avibactam administered by intravenous infusion over 30 minutes immediately followed by an extended loading dose infused over 3 hours, followed by maintenance doses infused over 3 hours every 6 hours based on the participant’s creatinine clearance.

Patients with cIAI randomized to EMBLAVEO also received metronidazole 500 mg administered by intravenous infusion over 60 minutes every 8 hours. Patients treated with EMBLAVEO were predominantly male (66%) and White (59%). Common adverse reactions occurring in greater than 5% of patients are noted in the table below.

No Hy’s Law cases in the EMBLAVEO or comparator arm were seen in Trials 1, 2, and 3. The transaminase elevations resolved when EMBLAVEO was discontinued. The following adverse reactions were reported in EMBLAVEO-treated patients at a rate of less than 5% in Trial 1: Vascular disorders: Phlebitis, flushing, hypotension Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Rash (includes rash and rash macular), dermatitis (includes dermatitis allergic, dermatitis), erythema Gastrointestinal Disorders: Vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain (includes abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, abdominal pain lower), constipation Nervous System Disorders: Mental status change (includes mental status changes, delirium, confusional state, and disorientation), dizziness, headache, sleep disorder (includes sleep disorder, insomnia), ageusia, asthenia Infectious Diseases: Clostridioides difficile infection (includes Clostridioides difficile infection and Clostridioides difficile colitis) Hematologic: Coagulopathy, leukocytosis (includes white blood cell count increased and leukocytosis), thrombocytopenia (includes thrombocytopenia, platelet count decreased); thrombocytosis (includes thrombocytosis, platelet count increased), eosinophilia Hypersensitivity: Bronchospasm Additionally, adverse reactions that have been reported with aztreonam alone that were not reported in EMBLAVEO-treated patients in Trial 1 are listed below: Hypersensitivity: Anaphylaxis, angioedema Hematologic: Pancytopenia, neutropenia Dermatologic: Purpura, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, urticaria, petechiae, pruritus, diaphoresis Cardiovascular: Transient ECG changes (ventricular bigeminy and PVC) Respiratory: Wheezing, dyspnea, chest pain Hepatobiliary: Hepatitis, jaundice Nervous System: Seizure, encephalopathy, vertigo, paresthesia Musculoskeletal: Muscular aches Special Senses: Tinnitus, diplopia, numb tongue, sneezing, nasal congestion, halitosis Other: Vaginal candidiasis, vaginitis, breast tenderness Body as a Whole: Malaise Adverse Laboratory Changes reported with aztreonam alone that were not reported in EMBLAVEO-treated patients in Trial 1 are listed below: Hematologic: Positive Coombs’ test Renal: Increases in serum creatinine Trial 2 was a noncomparative study of EMBLAVEO in 34 subjects with cIAI.

Trial 3 was a comparative study of EMBLAVEO versus best available therapy in patients with serious infections due to multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria producing metallo-beta-lactamases (not an approved indication for EMBLAVEO); 12 patients were treated in the EMBLAVEO arm and 2 patients were treated in the comparator arm. The safety findings for the EMBLAVEO treatment arm in Trials 2 and 3 were similar to those of Trial 1.

There is insufficient information to characterize the effect of concomitant use of OAT 1/3 transport inhibitors with EMBLAVEO.

Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no data on the effects of EMBLAVEO use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Available data from case reports over several decades with aztreonam and over approximately a decade with avibactam have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or other maternal or fetal outcomes. Aztreonam Developmental toxicity studies in pregnant rats and rabbits with daily doses of aztreonam revealed no evidence of embryotoxicity, fetotoxicity, or fetal malformations at doses 2.7- and 3.6-fold greater, respectively, than the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) for adults of 6.5 g per day.

In a peri/postnatal development (PPND) study in rats, no aztreonam-induced changes in any maternal, fetal, or neonatal parameters were observed at a dose 2.7-fold greater than the MRHD. Avibactam Avibactam administered to pregnant rats was not associated with fetal malformations at doses 6 times the MRHD of 2.17 g per day. In pregnant rabbits, avibactam administered in doses greater than or equal to 5 times the MRHD was associated with increased post-implantation loss, lower mean fetal weights, delayed ossification of several bones and other anomalies.

In a rat PPND study, there were no effects on pup growth and viability at doses up to 8 times the avibactam MRHD. A dose-related increase in the incidence of renal pelvic and ureter dilatation was observed in female weaning pups with renal pelvic dilatation persisting into adulthood (see Data). The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.

All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss or other adverse outcomes. In the US general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is respectively. Data Animal Data Aztreonam Developmental toxicity studies in pregnant rats and rabbits with daily doses of aztreonam up to 1800 and 1200 mg/kg, respectively, revealed no evidence of embryotoxicity or fetotoxicity or fetal malformations.

These doses, based on body surface area, are 2.7- and 3.6-fold greater than the MRHD for adults of 6.5 g per day. A peri/postnatal study in rats revealed no drug-induced changes in any maternal, fetal, or neonatal parameters. The highest dose used in this study, 1800 mg/kg/day, is 2.7 times the MRHD based on body surface area comparison.

Avibactam Avibactam did not produce fetal malformations in pregnant rats or rabbits. In the rat, intravenous studies with mg/kg/day of avibactam during gestation days 6-17 showed no embryo-fetal toxicity at doses up to 1000 mg/kg/day, approximately 6 times the MRHD (2.17 g/day) based on exposure (AUC). Pregnant rabbits administered intravenous avibactam on gestation days mg/kg/day showed no effects on embryo-fetal development at a dose of 100 mg/kg, twice the MRHD based on AUC comparison.

At doses greater than or equal to 300 mg/kg/day (5 times the MRHD based on AUC comparison), increased post-implantation loss, lower mean fetal weights, delayed ossification of several bones and other anomalies were observed. In a rat pre-and post-natal study at up to 825 mg/kg/day intravenously (8 times the MRHD based on AUC), there were no effects on pup growth and viability. A dose-related increase in the incidence of renal pelvic and ureter dilatation was observed in female weaning pups that was not associated with pathological changes to renal parenchyma or renal function, with renal pelvic dilatation persisting after female weaning pups became adults.

Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of EMBLAVEO in pediatric patients less than 18 years of age have not been established.

EMBLAVEO is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the components of EMBLAVEO (aztreonam and avibactam).

There is no information on the clinical signs and symptoms associated with an overdose of EMBLAVEO. Aztreonam and avibactam can be partially removed by hemodialysis. No clinical information is available on the use of hemodialysis to treat EMBLAVEO overdosage.