Cayston Drug Information

Dosing Information

The recommended dose of CAYSTON for both adults and pediatric patients 7 years of age and older is one single-use vial (75 mg of aztreonam) reconstituted with 1 mL of sterile diluent administered 3 times a day for a 28-day course (followed by 28 days off CAYSTON therapy). Dosage is not based on weight or adjusted for age. Doses should be taken at least 4 hours apart. CAYSTON is administered by inhalation using an Altera ® Nebulizer System.

Patients should use a bronchodilator before administration of CAYSTON.

Instructions for

CAYSTON Reconstitution CAYSTON should be administered immediately after reconstitution. Do not reconstitute CAYSTON until ready to administer a dose. Take one amber glass vial containing CAYSTON and one diluent ampule from the carton.

To open the glass vial, carefully remove the blue cap and metal ring and remove the gray rubber stopper. Twist the tip off the diluent ampule and squeeze the liquid into the glass vial. Replace the rubber stopper, then gently swirl the vial until contents have completely dissolved.

The empty vial, stopper, and diluent ampule should be disposed of properly upon completion of dosing.

Instructions for

CAYSTON Administration CAYSTON is administered by inhalation using an Altera Nebulizer System. CAYSTON should not be administered with any other nebulizer. CAYSTON should not be mixed with any other drugs in the Altera Nebulizer Handset.

CAYSTON is not for intravenous or intramuscular administration. Patients should use a bronchodilator before administration of CAYSTON. Short-acting bronchodilators can be taken between 15 minutes and 4 hours prior to each dose of CAYSTON. Alternatively, long-acting bronchodilators can be taken between 30 minutes and 12 hours prior to administration of CAYSTON. For patients taking multiple inhaled therapies, the recommended order of administration is as follows: bronchodilator, mucolytics, and lastly, CAYSTON. To administer CAYSTON, pour the reconstituted solution into the handset of the nebulizer system. Turn the unit on.

Place the mouthpiece of the handset in your mouth and breathe normally only through your mouth. Administration typically takes between 2 and 3 minutes. Further patient instructions on how to administer CAYSTON are provided in the FDA-approved patient labeling.

Instructions on testing nebulizer functionality and cleaning the handset are provided in the Instructions for Use included with the nebulizer system.

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of drugs cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of CAYSTON was evaluated in 344 patients from two placebo-controlled trials and one open-label follow-on trial. In controlled trials, 146 patients with CF received 75 mg CAYSTON 3 times a day for 28 days.

Table 1 displays adverse reactions reported in more than 5% of patients treated with CAYSTON 3 times a day in placebo-controlled trials. The listed adverse reactions occurred more frequently in CAYSTON-treated patients than in placebo-treated patients. Table 1 Adverse Reactions Reported in more than 5% of Patients Treated with CAYSTON in the Placebo-Controlled Trials Event (Preferred Term) Placebo (N=160) n (%) CAYSTON 75 mg 3 times a day (N=146) n (%) Cough 82 (51%) 79 (54%) Nasal congestion 19 (12%) 23 (16%) Wheezing 16 (10%) 23 (16%) Pharyngolaryngeal pain 17 (11%) 18 (12%) Pyrexia 9 (6%) 19 (13%) Chest discomfort 10 (6%) 11 (8%) Abdominal Pain 8 (5%) 10 (7%) Vomiting 7 (4%) 9 (6%) Adverse reactions that occurred in less than 5% of patients treated with CAYSTON were bronchospasm (3%) and rash (2%).

Postmarketing Experience

In addition to adverse reactions reported from clinical trials, the following possible adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of CAYSTON. Because these events have been reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size, estimates of frequency cannot be made. MUSCULOSKELETAL AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS Arthralgia, joint swelling

No formal clinical studies of drug interactions with CAYSTON have been conducted.

Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data on CAYSTON use in pregnant women is insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes; however, systemic absorption of aztreonam following inhaled administration is expected to be minimal. There are risks to the mother associated with cystic fibrosis in pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations ). In animal reproduction studies with aztreonam for injection administered parenterally to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis, there was no evidence of developmental toxicity. A peri/postnatal study in rats revealed no drug-induced changes in maternal, fetal, or neonatal parameters.

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk Cystic fibrosis may increase the risk for preterm delivery. Data Animal Data No reproductive toxicity studies have been conducted with CAYSTON. However, studies were conducted with aztreonam for injection. No evidence of developmental toxicity has been shown in studies with pregnant rats and rabbits that received parenteral doses of aztreonam during organogenesis of up to 1800 and 1200 mg/kg/day, respectively.

In rats receiving aztreonam for injection during late gestation and lactation at up to 1800 mg/kg/day, no drug induced changes in maternal, fetal or neonatal parameters were observed. These animal reproduction and developmental toxicity studies used parenteral routes of administration that would provide systemic exposures significantly greater than the average peak plasma levels measured in humans following CAYSTON therapy.

Pediatric Use Patients 7 years and older were included in clinical trials with CAYSTON. Fifty-five patients under 18 years of age received CAYSTON in placebo-controlled trials. No dose adjustments were made for pediatric patients. Pyrexia was more commonly reported in pediatric patients than in adult patients.

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 7 years have not been established.

is contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to aztreonam. Contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to aztreonam.

No overdoses have been reported with CAYSTON in clinical trials to date. In clinical trials, 225 mg doses of CAYSTON via inhalation were associated with higher rates of drug-related respiratory adverse reactions, particularly cough. Since the peak plasma concentration of aztreonam following administration of CAYSTON (75 mg) is approximately 0.6 mcg/mL, compared to a serum concentration of 54 mcg/mL following administration of aztreonam for injection (500 mg), no systemic safety issues associated with CAYSTON overdose are anticipated.